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Histopathology > CT disease > Flashcards

CT disease Flashcards

1
Q 
HLA-DR3
Afro-Caribbean
anti-dsDNA in all (anti-ENA in some - Sm highly specific, RNP if drug-induced)
Classical complement deficiency
Type III hypersensitivity
Malar rash
A

SLE (3 letters in SLE)

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2
Q

anti-Ro, anti-La
Big parotid glands
Schirmer’s test
Dry mouth, dry nose, dry eyes

A

Sjogren’s

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3
Q

anti-SCL70

A

Diffuse systemic sclerosis

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4
Q

anti-centromere

A

Limited systemic sclerosis (CREST)

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5
Q

anti-dsDNA

A

SLE

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6
Q

anti-Ro, anti-La

A

Sjogren’s

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7
Q

anti-Jo1

A

Dermatomyositis

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8
Q

anti-SRP

A

Polymyositis

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9
Q

anti-SCL70
Tight skin over trunk
No CREST
Pulmonary fibrosis

A

Diffuse systemic sclerosis

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10
Q

anti-centromere
No tight skin over trunk
CREST (calcinosis painful fingers, Raynaud’s, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasia)
Pulmonary hypertension

A

Limited systemic sclerosis (CREST)

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11
Q

anti-Jo1
Muscles + skin
Heliotrope Rash
Gottren’s papules

A

Dermatomyositis

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12
Q

anti-SRP
Muscles only
Proximal muscles weakness
Raised CK, abnormal EMG

A

Polymyositis

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13
Q

ANA antibody types

A

Anti-nuclear antibody:

  • anti-dsDNA (SLE)
  • anti-ENA (anti-Ro, anti-La Sjogren’s; anti-SCL70 diffuse SS; anti-centromere limited SS)
  • anti-cytoplasmic (anti-Jo1 dermatomyositis, anti-SRP polymyositis)
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14
Q

ANCA antibody types

A

pANCA (aka anti-MPO - MPA, CS)

cANCA (aka anti-PR3 - WG) ‘PRIC’

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15
Q

pANCA
Granulomas + eosinophils
Saddle nose, pulmonary haemorrhage, glomerulonephritis

A

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis

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16
Q

pANCA

A

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis (CS)

Microscopic polyangitis

17
Q

cANCA

A

Granulomatosis with polyangitis (WG)

18
Q

Palpable purpuric rash

A

Vasculitides

19
Q

Categories of vasculitides

A 
Small vessel (ANCA vasculitis, IgA vasculitis (e.g. HSP), Goodpasture's, cryoglobulinaemic)
Medium vessel (Polyarteritis nodosa, Kawasakim Buerger's)
Large vessel (Takayasu arteritis, GCA)
20
Q

Pulseless disease
Japanese women
Absent pulse, bruits, claudication

A

Takayasu’s arteritis

21
Q

Elderly women
Scalp tenderness when combing hair, jaw claudication, blurred vision
Raised ESR
Ass. with Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Histo: Giant cells, granulomatous transmural inflammation, skip lesions

A

Temporal arteritis (‘Giant cell arteritis’)

22
Q

Bead like aneurysms
Renal + mesenteric vessels
Histo: Necrotising arteritis

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

23
Q

Prolonged fever

CRASH + BURN

A

Kawasaki’s

24
Q

Elderly male smoker

Corkscrew appearance on angiography

A

Buerger’s

25
Q

pANCA

Pulmonary + renal

A

Microscopic angiitis

26
Q

pANCA
Granulomas + eosinophils
Asthma

A

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

27
Q

cANCA
Granulomas
Kidney (Rapidly progressive (crescentic) GN), LRTI (pulmonary haemorrhage), URTI (saddle nose, nosebleeds, sinusitis)

A

Granulomatosis with polyangitis

28
Q

TETRAD preceded by 1-2d URTI
IgA deposits and activates alternative complement
- Nephritic syndrome (frank haematuria w coke-coloured urine)
- Rash (palpable purpura on extensors + buttocks)
- Abdo pain
- Arthritis

A

IgA Vasculitis (aka HSP)

29
Q

Circulting Ig due to SLE, MM, post infection (HepC) deposits in vessels

A

Cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis

30
Q 
Anti-GBM against collagen type IV
Rapidly progressive (crescentic) GN, pulmonary haemorrhage
A

Goodpasture’s disease

31
Q

Non-caseating granulomas
Afro-Carribean
Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy w/ fine nodular shadowing in mid zones

A

Sarcoid

32
Q

Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy differentials

A

Sarcoid
TB
Lymphoma
Bronchial Ca

33
Q

Abnormal protein folding -> Aggregation into B-pleated sheets -> Organ deposition
Apple green birefringence with Congo red stain under polarised light

A

Amyloidosis

34
Q

Light chains of Ig misfolded

MM

A

AL Amyloidosis

35
Q 
Acute phase protein serum amyloid A misfolded
Chronic infection (RA, IBD, Ca)
A

AA Amyloidosis

36
Q

Beta-2 microglobulin misfolded

CKD

A

Haemodialysis associated amyloidosis

37
Q

Familial Amyloidosis

A

AA amyloidosis in Familial Mediterranean Fever

Histopathology (19 decks)

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