CSS

Question 1

what are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 1

Selector, declaration, property, and value

Question 2

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

.class { }

Question 3

in CSS, how do you select elements by their type

Answer 3

typename { }

Question 4

in CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute

Answer 4

id { }

Question 5

name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS

Answer 5

RGB values, Hex codes, Color Names

Question 6

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

PBM - padding, border, margin

Question 7

which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other

Answer 7

margin

Question 8

which CSS property adds space between a box’s content and its border

Answer 8

padding

Question 9

what is a pseud-class?

Answer 9

keyword added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s)

Question 10

what are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 10

special situations (nth-child)

Question 11

name at least two units of type size in CSS

Answer 11

em (relative to the font-size of direct or nearest parent) , rem (only relative to the html root font-size)

Question 12

what CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

font-family

Question 13

what is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 13

row (left to right)

Question 14

what is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 14

nowrap (all flex items will be on one line)

Question 15

why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 15

div is block element and will appear on new line

Question 16

what is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 16

row (left to right)

Question 17

what is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 17

static (normal flow)

Question 18

how does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 18

this does not affect the position of surrounding elements; they stay in the position they would be in normal flow (does not affect document flow)

Question 19

how does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 19

nothing changes

Question 20

how does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 20

absolute positioning removes document flow and ignores surrounding elements

Question 21

how does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 21

absolute is for layering elements on top of other elements

Question 22

how do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 22

position: relative or non-static parent

Question 23

what are the four box offset properties?

Answer 23

top, left, right, bottom

Question 24

what are the four components of “the cascade”

Answer 24

source order, inheritance, specificity, !important

Question 25

what does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 25

the order that your CSS rules are written in your stylesheet

Question 26

how is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well an additional CSS rule?

Answer 26

inheritance

Question 27

list the three selector types in order of increasing specifcity

Answer 27

type, class, ID

Question 28

why is using !important considered bad practice

Answer 28

makes debugging more difficult by breaking the natural cascading in your stylesheets

Question 29

what does the transform property do?

Answer 29

lets you rotate, scale, skew, or translate an element. it modifies the coordinate space of the CSS visual formatting model

Question 30

give four examples of CSS functions

Answer 30

translate()
scale()
rotate()
skew()

Question 31

the transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?

Answer 31

delay
duration
property
timing-function

Question 32

give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule

Answer 32

width

orientation

Question 33

which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages

Answer 33

viewport

Question 34

what is a breakpoint in responsive web design

Answer 34

the points at which a media query is introduced

Question 35

what is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

Answer 35

% changes element size relative to parent and your page will dynamically change to fit

Question 36

if you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a large min-width, the CSS rules for the smaller min width will “win.” why is that?

Answer 36

the rule that occurs last takes precedence in the cascade

source order