CSS

Question 1

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 1

Selector, declaration block, declaration has property and value, and closing curly brace of the declaration block

Question 2

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

Use a period/dot before the class attribute

Question 3

In CSS, how do you select elements by their tag name?

Answer 3

Just write the tag name, like body, h1, article

Question 4

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 4

Use # before the id attribute

Question 5

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.

Answer 5

RGB values, Hex codes, color names
Ex. rgb(102, 205, 170) hex code (#66cdaa), color name (MediumAquaMarine)

Question 6

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

Content(width & height), border, margin, padding

Question 7

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 7

margin

Question 8

Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 8

padding

Question 9

What is a pseudo-class?

Answer 9

It’s a class that changes the appearance when the user is interacting with it.
Ex. hovering over a button, cursor changing when hovering, or active (actively clicking and holding down mouse), focus (when browser knows you are ready to interact with the element like when cursor is in a form input ready to accept typing), visited, link, disabled

Question 10

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 10

It helps distinguish the actions a user can interact with or has already interacted with.
Ex. the link can change colors depending on if it was already visited or if it’s about to be clicked aka hovering.

Question 11

Name two types of units that can be used to adjust font-size in CSS.

Answer 11

Px, rem(can use quarter sizes, 1.25, 1.5 etc), ems, %

Question 12

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

Font-size, font-family, font-weight, font-style, text-transform, text-decoration

Question 13

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 13

Row/horizontal

Question 14

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 14

no-wrap.
tries to fit everything into 1 line, which may cause container to overflow.

Question 15

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 15

Because they are default block element

Question 16

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 16

Row left to right

Question 17

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 17

static

Question 18

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 18

The element moves in relation to where it would have been in normal/static flow, but doesn’t affect document flow since it acts like it takes up the same space.

Question 19

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 19

The element retains its size but it can be moved left or right or top or bottom

Question 20

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 20

The element acts like they don’t exist and removing it from document flow

Question 21

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 21

The properties (left, right, top, bottom) specify where the element should appear in relation to its containing element(edge).

Question 22

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 22

Absolute positioned elements position themselves within the first non-static ancestor they have, so you would have to make the containing block position: relative.

Question 23

What are the four box offset properties?

Answer 23

Top, bottom, left, right

Question 24

What are the four components of “the Cascade”.

Answer 24

Source order, inheritance, specificity, important

Question 25

What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 25

If the weight is the same, then the rule written on the lowest is what will be sourced to style the element

Question 26

How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

Answer 26

inheritance

Question 27

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

Answer 27

Id (#example), class (.myClass), type (p, h1, td)

Question 28

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

Answer 28

It ignores the order of the cascade and makes conflicting declarations. Understanding and effectively using specificity and cascade can remove need for the !important flag.

Question 29

What does the transform property do?

Answer 29

Lets you rotate, scale, skew or translate an element
Modifies the coordinate space of the css model

Question 30

The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?

Answer 30

Transition-delay, transition-duration, transition-property, transition-timing-function

Question 31

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.

Answer 31

Width, height,
These are traits of media features
These are basically CSS conditionals

Question 32

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

Answer 32

Viewport

Question 33

What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?

Answer 33

It’s the point (measured in width via pixels) where the items shift either wider or narrower to adjust for the screen size

Question 34

What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

Answer 34

You don’t have to calculate the number of pixels for the 50% everytime the 100% width is different
Or just makes things that are either too small or too big depending on screen size

Question 35

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?

Answer 35

CSS works from bottom to top if they’re the same element
@media queries ONLY work because of the source order of the cascading style
Also why they’re always listed at the end of the CSS page
Also make sure it’s in the same page as the original width of where it’s changing, not different CSS file so it loads properly