CSS Flashcards
What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?
Rule set for selector, declaration, property, value
In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?
.classname
In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?
element name followed by curly braces
In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?
id name
Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.
RGB (0, 0, 0), hexcode, and predefined color names
What CSS properties make up the box model?
height, width, padding, border, margin
Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?
Margin
Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?
padding
What is a pseudo-class?
class added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s). Example: hover, active, visited. Denoted as selector:pseudoclass
What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?
Way of making a certain state of an element visible (useful if you want to see what links have been already visited)
Name two types of units that can be used to adjust font-size in CSS.
em, px
What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?
font-family
What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?
Default direction is row: all the items appear on a horizontal row
What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?
Default flex-wrap is nowrap: all items will be on a single horizontal line
Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?
Divs are block level elements; they starts on a new line and take up all the horizontal space available
What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?
The default flex-direction is row, left to right on a single horizontal line
What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?
static
How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?
It does not affect the document flow, it is still in flow. Neighboring elements still “see” it
How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?
It has no effect on its position unless we specify top, bottom, left, or right
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?
The element will disregard the document flow. All other elements will ignore its existence
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?
Positions element in relation to its containing element (containing element must be non-static)
How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?
The containing block must have a non-static position
What are the four box offset properties?
top, bottom, left, right
Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.
min-width
max-width
Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?
HTML Viewport meta tag
What are the four components of “the Cascade”.
source order, specificity, inheritance, importance
What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?
If you have more than one rule, which has exactly the same weight, then the one that comes last in the CSS will win. Which ever rule is written later on the css stylesheet will style the element
How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?
Through inheritance. inherited properties, which by default are set to the computed value of the parent element.
Example: in line elements within other elements. em within p element with p element having a color rule.
List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.
type selector class selector id selector
Why is using !important considered bad practice?
It makes debugging more difficult by breaking the natural cascading in your stylesheets.
What does the transform property do?
The transform CSS property lets you rotate, scale, skew, or translate an element. It modifies the coordinate space of the CSS visual formatting model.
Give four examples of CSS transform functions.
translateY, rotate, skew, scale
The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?
transition-delay - how long to wait to start transition
transition-duration - how long the animation time is
transition-property - sets the CSS properties to which a transition effect should be applied.
transition-timing-function - sets how intermediate values are calculated for CSS properties being affected by a transition effect (ease-in steps)
What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?
The points at which a media query is introduced are known as breakpoints. The min-widths or max-widths
What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?
percentage is relative to the viewport size whereas pixel values are hard values and different viewports might have different pixel values
If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?
Cascading style sheet follow source order. The rule that was written later on the document will be abided by
