CSS Flashcards
What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?
Selector(sometimes pseudo), declaration block, property, value
In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?
.class { }
In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?
type { }
In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?
id { }
Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.
Color names, hex values, rgb values
What CSS properties make up the box model?
Border, margin, padding
Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?
Margin
Which CSS property adds space between a box’s content and its border?
Padding
What is a pseudo-class?
A keyword added to a CSS selector to specify different special states
What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?
To add a measure of functionality to the styling of elements when they are in special states differing from their initial state
Name at least two units of type size in CSS.
px, rem, em
What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?
font-family
What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?
row
What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?
nowrap
Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?
They are block elements
What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?
row
What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?
static
How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?
It doesn’t affect document flow
How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?
In relation to where the element is positioned normally (only if you move it yourself)
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?
The element set to position:absolute is taken out of normal flow
Other elements will take over its space
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?
In relation to other elements on the page
How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?
Set to absolute, set offset properties, adjust width/height of other elements
What are the four box offset properties?
Top, bottom, left, right
What are the four components of “the Cascade”.
Source order, inheritance, specificity, !important
What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?
The order in which the the css rule is written
How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?
The children inherit the css rules of its parent
List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.
- Type selectors
- Class selectors
- ID selectors
Why is using !important considered bad practice?
It breaks the natural cascading rules and makes debugging much more difficult
What does the transform property do?
It allows you to modify the “physical” properties of an html element
Give four examples of CSS transform functions.
Translate, rotate, scale, skew
The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?
Transition-property, transition-duration, transition-timing-function, transition-delay
Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.
Changing the width property of an element
Making different number of images wrap in a flexbox
Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?
Viewport meta tag
What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?
They are points at which a media query is set off
What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?
It scales with its parent class so it can change its size with a changing environment
If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?
Cascading and more specifically “source-order” – if two rules (or more) are competing to set their properties, the bottom one will be take effect
