Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2 Case 47 Man Who Returned From Africa (parasites/protozoa/helminths) > CSIM1.67 68 Protozoan & helminth Parasitic D/z > Flashcards

CSIM1.67 68 Protozoan & helminth Parasitic D/z Flashcards

1
Q

Giardia - route of transmission, life cycle, clinical features

A

2 nuclei, flaggella, microscopic parasite.

Faecal oral, contaminated water,

Giardia is contracted by ingesting its cysts. They go to small intestine and become trophozoites which are released. Trophozoites cause damage to gut mucosa, cause diarrhea and malabsorption. Trophozoites form cysts and are released in faeces.

Clinal ft - watery diarrhea, mild abdo pain, bloating, fatigue and gas build up.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Symptoms of cryptosporidia, microspora and isosporal belli

A

Similar to giardia, diarrhea, abdominal pain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Entamoeba histolytica - transmission, life cycle, clinical features

A

Faecal oral, cysts in faecea.

Once ingested, go to gut and release trophozoites.

Clinical ft - most asymptomatic, some invade mucosa cause ulceration and bloody diarrhea and amoebic dysentery.

If invade blood stream, go to liver and cause amoebic liver abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Consequences of an amoebic liver abscess

A

Fever, Jaundice, anaemia and pain right flank

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is myasis?

A

Myasis is the parasitic infestation of fly-larvae in a mammal (human), while feeding on its tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does a tumbu fly myasis come about?

A

Tumbu fly lays eggs in soil, after eggs hatch, larvae come out and find a host.

If they find a host, they penetrate the skin and start developing inside.

Once mature, it unburrows and drops out of the human skin where it continues its life cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How to treat tumbu fly myasis

A

Cover the entry wound with vaseline to suffocate the larvae

Larvae will crawl out and then use tweezer to extract.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How to prevent tumbu fly myasis?

A

Iron your clothes!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What organism transmist trypanosomiasis?

A

Tsetse fly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is trypanosmiasis also known as?

A

Sleeping sickness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the life cycle of trypanosomiasis?

A

Saliva of tsetse fly, bites human and lives in various fluid compartment of the human

Multiple within the body and be ready for when the next tsetse fly bites the human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Symptoms of trypanosomiasis?

A

Primary chancre, local lymphadenopathy, fever, headache, cutaenous edema, itching, myocarditis, jaundice, anaemia, effusions, chronic meningoencephalitis.

Sleep disturbance - sleep day time, restless night time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What carries leishmaniasis?

A

Female sandflies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What species cause visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis?

A

Visceral - L donovani and L aethiopica

Cutaenous - most other species other than the above.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cause and clinical features of visceral leishmaniasis?

A

Caused by lymphatic spread of parasite around body

Systemic effects - episodic fevers, rigors, swears, weight loss, malaise, anorexia and hepatosplenomegaly

Skin effects - hyperpigmentation on the face, hands, feet and abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Clinical features of cutaneous leishmaniasis?

A

Lesion forming around bite, becomes itchy papule which falls off to become an ulcer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is ancylostoma duodenale?

A

AKA hookworm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How is the hookworm transmitted?

A

Penetrates skin on feet, goes into blood then to GI.

19
Q

Symptoms of hookwarm infestation?

A

Itching at entry wound, abdominal pain, anaemia

20
Q

Descrive ascaris lumbricoides

A

Round worm, can grow to 1 feet. Grey translucent colour.

21
Q

How is ascaris lumbricoides transmitted?

A

Faecal-oral

22
Q

Life cycle of ascaris lumbricoides

A

Eggs hatch in GI, larvae grow into adult which can penetrate blood vessels to spread to other organs

23
Q

Symptoms of ascaris lumbricoides

A

None, abdominal pain, distension, anorexia, V&D

24
Q

What 3 species of trematodes cause schistosomiasis?

A

S. japonicum
S. Mansoni
S haematobium

25
Q

How is schistosomiasis contracted?

A

Water infected with the cercariae of the parasites which are released from infected freshwater snails

26
Q

What is a trematoda?

A

A flat worm, or a fluke

27
Q

Life cycle of schistosomiasis parasite?

A

Released from infected snails in fresh water, penetrate human skin and migrate into blood

Once in blood, go to liver where male and female develop and fertilise.

Migrate to bowel to lay eggs which are excreted in faeces.

28
Q

What organs are affected by schistosomiasis

A

Gut and bowel - S mansoni and S japonicum

Bladder - S haematobium

29
Q

Symptoms of schistosomiasis

A

Localised itch at point of entry

1-3 weeks incubation, then fever, malaise and myalgia

Further symptoms depend on the species and organs infected

Bladder - haematouria, obstructive uropathy, bladder carcinoma

Gut - hepatsosplenomegaly, varices and colonic polyposis.

30
Q

What is katayama fever?

A

Fever, malaise, myalgia

31
Q

What spreads onchocerca volvulus?

A

Female blackfly during the day.

32
Q

Symptoms of onchocerca volvulus?

A

Hypopigmentation, lichenification, uveitis, keratitis, blindness

33
Q

What is the characteristics of loa loa?

A

Resides in the eye and can be seen crossing the cornea

34
Q

What spreads loa loa

A

Chyrsops fly

35
Q

Symptoms of loa loa

A

Urticaria, pruritis, lymphodema, arthritis, chorioretinis

36
Q

How is hydatid acquired?

A

Ingesting an egg from a dog tapeworm called echinococcus granulosus.

37
Q

What happens after ingesting an egg from echinococcus granulosus?

A

Eggs hatch and penetrate gut wall, migrate to liver and form cyst (or other organs)

38
Q

Symptoms of hydatid?

A

Asymptomatic OR

Slow progressive features like jaundice, pain RUQ, hepatomegaly

Cysts found in other organs will cause organ-related symptoms

39
Q

Two types of taenia causing organisms? What animal carries which?

A

T. Solium - pig

T saginata - cattle

40
Q

How is taenia contracted

A

Ingest undercooked infested animal, cyst hatch in intestines and grow into long tape worm.

41
Q

What is especially bad about T solium?

A

Larvae and spread and form cyst in other organs.

If it goes to the brain it will cause cysticercosis - small brain lesions all over the brain, visible on CT scan.

42
Q

Symptoms of cerebral cysticercosis

A

Epilepsy, raised ICP, focal neurology,

43
Q

How does a guinea worm present?

A

Adult worm migrates to skin and grows under the skin, erupts as a blister where the worm crawls out of the skin over a few days.

2 Case 47 Man Who Returned From Africa (parasites/protozoa/helminths) (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions