CSA Dietary advice for caries prevention Flashcards
What microorg found in salivary pellicle in plaque ?
Streptococcus/Strep Sanguinis /Strep Oralis
What must there be for caries?
o High frequency of carbohydrates
o specific bacteria in the plaque to cause caries
Where does caries mostly occur?
in areas where plaque sits:
o Pits/ fissures on occlusal surfaces of molars
o Approximal surfaces
How to not develop caries?
- 4 episodes of acid attack through day
- 2 episodes of fluoride application a day
- If follow will not caries
Who are high risk patients for caries?
- Infants/toddler >sugary drinks in bottles
- reduced saliva flow >Sjorgans syndrome
- mIncreased carb intake >Diabetes/
- Drug abusers
- Athletes drinking sports drinks
- Occupational food samples
- Specialists diets
- Reduced saliva flow
- Early childhood caries
- Socially deprived patients
- Patients with genetically predisposed factors
- Patients taking sugary medicines
What are Specific preventative measures for high risk groups:
- Plaque control & regular tooth brushing
- Diet advice to prevent dental caries
- fluorides
- fissure sealants
- Regular oral checks with radiographs
What is dietary advice ?
- Confectionary limited
- Only milk/ water to children through a feeder
- Reduce soft drinks
- Use straw
- Don’t give drinks at bedtime
- Frequency of sugar intake only be 4 times a day
- Use non sugar sweeteners
- non cariogenic snacks
Hidden sugar and cariogenic food?
o Baked beans
o Tomato soup/ketchup
o All processed foods
How to prevent caries by plaque control
- Mechanical plaque removal
- Manual and power brushes
- Interdental cleaning
- Toothpaste
- Chlorhexidine
What are key messages from the toolkit?
- Use fluoride in tooth paste whilst brushing
- Diet/Healthy eating advice
- Promoting use of sugar free medicines
- Improving periodontal health
- Stop smoking
- Avoiding alcohol use
- Preventing dental erosion
What is assessment of dental caries ?
- Low risk >Balanced intake of fruit and veg, infrequent sugar consumption primarily at meal times
- Medium risk to dental caries > frequent sugar between meals
- High risk to dental caries > 3 x per day, prolonged exposure to food and drinks
How to investigate high risk patients?
Medical history/Social history/Dietary habits/Exposure to fluoride/attendance pattern/ previous caries experience
how is fluoride taken ?
• systemically
o Water/salt milk/ toothpaste/ drops/ tablets
• topically
o Toothpaste/ rinses/ gel varnish
• Slow releasing fluoride devices exist (GIC cement)
What is prevention of caries for high risk patients?
- Assessing “at risk patients” >children w/ siblings with caries
- Chairside tooth brushing instruction with carer
- Restrict sugar food to meal times
- Diet sheet analysis must be taken
What should low risk children use?
toothpaste of no less than 1,000 ppm fluoride
