CS3 quiz 3 vocabulary List Flashcards
anisocoria
unequal pupil size (diff of 1 mm or more)
can be benign and idiopathic condition, sometimes referred as physiologic anisocoria
arcus senilis
ring shaped grayish- white deposit of fat near corneal limbus - occurs after age of 60
arcus juvenilis
ring shaped grayish-white deposit of fat near corneal limbus in young patients with high cholesterol levels
asteroid hyalosis
multiple, yellow-white, round, birefringent particles composed of calcium phosphates soaps attached to vitreous framework
usually asymptomatic, does not cause floaters or interfere with vision
does affect view of fundus
usually unilateral (75%) and asociated with diabetes mellitus (30%)
blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelid margins - usually with redness, swelling and itching
canthus
angle formed by inner or outer jxn of upper and lower eyelids
plural: canthi
medial: canthus on the side near the nose
lateral: canthus on the side away from the nose
caruncle
pink, fleshy conjunctival tissue in the nasal corner of each eye over the semilunar fold
cataract
opacity or cloudiness of the crystalline lens, which may prevent a clear image from forming on the retina
surgical removal of the lens may be necessary if visual loss becomes significant, with lost optical power replaced by intraocular lens, contact lens, or aphakic specticales
may be congenital or caused by trauma, disease, or age
many different forms of cataracts
chalazion
obstruction and inflammation of the meibomian gland with leakage of sebum into surrounding tissue and resultant lipogranuloma
conjunctiva
transparent mucous membrane covering outer surface of the eyeball (except the cornea) and inner surface of the eyelids as one continuous membrane
cornea
transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil and anterior chamber and provides most of the eye’s optical power
five layers: epithelium, bowman’s membrane, stroma, decemet’s membrane, endothelium
ectropion
lid margin that does not rest normally against the eyeball but falls, or pulled away, as by a scar- eversion of the eylid margin
can create corneal exposure with excessive drying, tearing, and iirritation
entropion
inward tunring of upper or lower eyelid so that the margin rests against the eyeball and rubs eyeball - inversion of the eyelid margin
gray line
border between outer and inner layers of the eyelid margin that separates eyelid skin from conjunctival mucous membrane. eyelashes are in front of the line, tarsal gland ducts behind
hordeolum
acute bacterial infection of the sebaceous eyelid glands - most commonly meibomian glands (internal hordeolum) or glands of zeiss or moll (external hordeolum) - associated with staph. aureus
hyperemia
increased blood flow - usually referes to eye redness caused by congestion of conjunctival blood vessels
isocoria
pupils of equal size
krukenberg’s spindle
vertical pigment deposit on corneal endothelium - found with pigment dispersion glaucoma and following uveitis
lagophthalmos
inability to close eyelids completely, leading to corneal and conjunctival drying
meibomian glands
oil glands (one of a series) within the eyelid tissue whose duct opens onto the eyelid margin just behind the gray line. secretions supply the outer portion of the tear film, preventing rapid tear evaporation and tear overflow and providing tight eyelid closure
AKA tarsal gland ducts
mittendorf dot
small white spot on the posterior lens capsule that represents a remnant of the posterior tunica vasculosa lentis where the former hyaloid artery attached
molluscum contagiosum
self-liminted, mildly contagious skin disease caused by a pox virus. typical lesions are small, dome shaped umbilicated, shiny skin-colored papules
ocular adnexa
structures surrounding the eyeball; includes eyelids, eyebrows, tear drainage system, orbial wall, and orbital contents
papilloma
refers to a begign cutaneous or mucosal tumor that consists of the cluster of finger like projections of proliferating epithelial and fibrovascular tissues
pinguecula
benign, yellowish-brown subconjunctival elevation usually located on either side of the cornea - composed of degenerated elastic tissue
pterygium
abnormal wedge-shaped growth on bulbar conjunctiva probably related to sun irritation
magradually advance onto cornea, requiring surgical removal
ptosis
abnormally low position (drooping) of the upper lid. may be congenital, caused by paralysis or weakness of CN3 or sympathetic nerves or caused by excessive weight of upper lid
punctum (lacrimal)
tiny skin opening of the lacrimal canaliculus of each upper and lower eyelid near the nose
entrance to the tear drainage (lacrimal) system. each punctum is surrounded by small papilla (elevation) of skin
plural: puncta
sclera
opaque, fibrous, protective outer layer of the eye (white of the eye) directly continuous with the cornea in front and with the sheath covering the optic nerve behind.
contains collagen and elastic fibers
staphyloma
bulging of the eye surface that includes part of the uvea (iris, ciliary body) into area of thin stretched sclera. if no uveal tissue is included in the stretched area, condition is called ectasia
synechia
adhesion (s) that bind the iris to any adjacent structures
plural: synechiae
anterior synechia
adhesion of iris to cornea
posterior synechia
adhesion of iris to lens (common in uveitis)
trichiasis
misdirected upper or lower eyelashes that turn inward, toward the eyeball
may scratch the cornea; usually follows severe eyelid inflammation or scarring
y-sutures
junction lines within the lens of the eye; formed by end to end contact of the tip of lens fibers.
an upright Y is found in front of the fetal nucleus of an adult lens, an inverted Y behind it
zeis glands
oil producing glands that surrounds the eyelashes
ducts enter lash follicles near the eyelid margins
