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CS Finals > CS Prelims (3) > Flashcards

CS Prelims (3) Flashcards

1
Q

is a case thatcontains electronic componentsof the computer used to process data

A

system unit

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2
Q

is the main circuit board of the system unit

A

motherboard

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3
Q

contains integrated circuits

A

computer chip

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4
Q

,interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate acomputer

A

processor,

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5
Q

What is the processor also called?

A

also called the central processing unit (CPU)

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6
Q

is the component of the processor thatdirects and coordinates most of the operations in thecomputer

A

control unit

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7
Q

performs arithmetic,comparison, and other operation

A

arithmetic logic unit (ALU)

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8
Q

(ALU)

A

arithmetic logic unit

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9
Q

processor contains ___________, thattemporarily hold data and instructions

A

registers

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10
Q

controls the timing ofall computer operations

A

system clock

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11
Q

The pace of the ____________ is called the __________, and is measured in _____________

A

system clock, clockspeed, gigahertz (GHz)

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12
Q

(GHz)

A

gigahertz

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13
Q

are continuous and vary instrength and quality

A

Analog signals

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14
Q

are in one of two states: on or off

A

Digital signals

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15
Q

uses two unique digits

A

The binary system

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16
Q

is themost widely used coding scheme torepresent data

A

ASCII (American Standard Code forInformation Interchange)

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17
Q

ASCII )

A

(American Standard Code forInformation Interchange

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18
Q

consists of electronic components that storeinstructions waiting to be executed by the processor, dataneeded by those instructions, and the results of processing thedata

A

Memory

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19
Q

Memory size is measured in:

A

kilobytes (KB or K),
megabytes(MB),
gigabytes (GB),
terabytes (TB)

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20
Q

Loses its contents whenpower is turned of

A

Volatile memory

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21
Q

Does not lose contentswhen power is removed

A

Nonvolatile memory

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22
Q

usually reside on a memory module and are insertedinto memory slots

A

RAM chips

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23
Q

Three basic types of RAM chips exist:

A

Dynamic RAM
Static RAM (SRAM)
Magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM)

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24
Q

speeds the processes of the computer because it storesfrequently used instructions and data

A

Memory cache

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25
Q

refers to memorychips storing permanent data and instructions

A

Read-only memory (ROM)

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26
Q

(ROM)

A

Read-only memory

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27
Q

chip is a blank ROM chip that can be written topermanently

A

A PROM (programmable read-only memory)

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28
Q

A PROM

A

(programmable read-only memory)

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29
Q

can be erased electronically and rewritten

A

Flash memory

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30
Q

provides high speeds and consumes littlepower

A

CMOS technology

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31
Q

is the amount of time it takes the processor to readfrom memory

A

Access time

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32
Q

is a socket onthe motherboard that can hold anadapter card

A

expansion slot

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33
Q

converts the walloutlet AC power into DC power

A

power supply

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34
Q

enhancesfunctions of a component of thesystem unit and/or providesconnections to peripherals

A

An adapter card

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35
Q

joins a cable to a port

A

connector

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36
Q

, the computer automatically can configureadapter cards and other peripherals as you install them

A

Plug and Play

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37
Q

is the point at which a peripheralattaches to or communicates with asystem unit

A

port

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38
Q

can connect up to 127 different peripherals togetherwith a single connector

A

USB port

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39
Q

You can attach multiple peripherals using a single USB port with a ______

A

USBhub

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40
Q

allows the various devicesboth inside and attached to thesystem unit to communicate witheach other

A

bus

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41
Q

is the number of bitsthe processor can interpret andexecute at a given time

A

Word size

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42
Q

is an opening inside thesystem unit in which you caninstall additional equipment

A

bay

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43
Q

typically holds diskdrives

A

A drive bay

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44
Q

typically holds diskdrives

A

A drive bay

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45
Q

which is an external powersupply

A

AC adapter,

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46
Q

is any data and instructions entered into the memory of acomputer

A

Input

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47
Q

, also known as the cursor, is a symbol on thescreen that indicates where the next character you type willappea

A

insertion point

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48
Q

incorporates comfort, efficiency, and safety into thedesign of the workplace

A

Ergonomics

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49
Q

is an input device that contains keys users press toenter data and instructions into a computer

A

keyboard

50
Q

is a pointing device that fits under the palm of yourhand comfortably

A

mouse

51
Q

is a touch-sensitive display device

A

touch screen

52
Q

you touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat surface to write,draw, or make selections

A

pen input,

53
Q

is a mobile device that allows users to takepictures and store them digitally

A

digital camera

54
Q

is the process ofentering input by speaking into amicrophone

A

Voice input

55
Q

is thecomputer’s capability ofdistinguishing spoken words

A

Voice recognition

56
Q

is the process of entering any sound into thecompute

A

Audio input

57
Q

is a meeting between two or moregeographically separated people

A

video conference

58
Q

is a document that has been output from acomputer with some extra information added to it and return to thecompany that creates and sends it.

A

turnaround document

59
Q

reads hand-drawn marks such assmall circles or rectangles

A

Optical mark recognition (OMR)

60
Q

(OMR)

A

Optical mark recognition

61
Q

uses laserbeams to read bar codes

A

bar code reader (scanner)

62
Q

read the magnetic stripe on theback of cards

A

Magnetic stripe card readers

63
Q

devices read text printed withmagnetized ink

A

MICR (magnetic ink character recognition)

64
Q

MICR

A

(magnetic ink character recognition)

65
Q

is data that has been processed into a useful form

A

Output

66
Q

is an Internet service that provides storage tocomputer users

A

Cloud storage

67
Q

offers a crisper,higher-quality output

A

Digital television (DTV)

68
Q

(DTV)

A

Digital television

69
Q

visually conveystext, graphics, and videoinformation

A

display device

70
Q

uses a liquid compound to presentinformation on a display device

A

Liquid crystal display (LCD)

71
Q

are display devices that use gas plasmatechnology and offer screen sizes up to 150 inches

A

Plasma monitors

72
Q

is a touch-sensitive device,resembling a dry-erase board, that displays the image on aconnected computer screen

A

interactive whiteboard

73
Q

is packaged as aseparate periphera

A

monitor

74
Q

is the most advanced form of digitaltelevision

A

HDTV

75
Q

controls the manipulation and displayof graphics on a display device

A

graphics processing unit (GPU)

76
Q

(GPU)

A

graphics processing unit

77
Q

is a desktop monitor that contains a cathode-raytube

A

CRT monitor

78
Q

produces text andgraphics on a physicalmedium

A

printer

79
Q

forms characters and graphics on a piece ofpaper without actually striking the paper

A

nonimpact printer

80
Q

forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops ofliquid ink onto a piece of paper

A

ink-jet printer

81
Q

produces colorphoto-lab-quality pictures

A

photo printer

82
Q

generates images by pushing electricallyheated pins against the heat-sensitive paper

A

thermal printer

83
Q

is a small,lightweight, battery-poweredprinter that allows a mobileuser to print from a notebookcomputer, smart phone, orother mobile device

A

mobile printer

84
Q

is a small printer that prints on adhesive-typemateria

A

label printer

85
Q

are used to produce high-quality drawings

A

Plotters

86
Q

create photo-realistic quality color printson a larger scale

A

Large-format printers

87
Q

form characters and graphics on a piece ofpaper by striking a mechanism against an inked ribbon thatphysically contacts the paper

A

Impact printers

88
Q

prints an entireline at a time

A

Line printer

89
Q

deviceproduces music, speech, or other sounds

A

audio output

90
Q

are speakers thatcover or are placed outside ofthe ear

A

Headphones

91
Q

(also called earphones)rest inside the ear canal

A

Earbuds

92
Q

occurs when you hear aperson’s voice or when the computertalks to you through the speakers

A

Voice output

93
Q

is a devicethat takes the text and imagesdisplaying on a computerscreen and projects them on alarger screen

A

data projector

94
Q

holds data, instructions, andinformation for future use

A

Storage

95
Q

is the physicalmaterial on which a computer keepsdata, instructions, and information

A

storage medium

96
Q

is the number of bytes a storage medium can hold

A

Capacity

97
Q

is the computer hardware that records and/orretrieves items to and from storage media

A

storage device

98
Q

contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that use magneticparticles to store data, instructions, and information

A

hard disk

99
Q

is the process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors sothat the operating system can store and locate data and information onthe disk

A

Formatting

100
Q

is a group of twoor more integrated hard disks

A

RAID (redundant array of independent disks)

101
Q

RAID

A

(redundant array of independent disks)

102
Q

device is a server connectedto a network with the sole purpose of providing storage

A

network attached storage (NAS)

103
Q

(NAS)

A

network attached storage

104
Q

is a separate free-standing hard disk that connects to yourcomputer with a cable or wirelessly

A

external hard disk

105
Q

is a hard disk thatyou insert and remove from a drive

A

removable hard disk

106
Q

is a removable flash memory device that youinsert and remove from a slot in a computer, mobile device, orcard reader/write

A

memory card

107
Q

plug into a USB port on a computer or mobiledevice

A

USB flash drives

108
Q

is aremovable device that fits in anExpressCard slot

A

ExpressCard module

109
Q

Stores photos from anonline photo cente

A

Archive disc

110
Q

Single-session CD-ROMthat stores digitalversions of film

A

Picture CD

111
Q

is a magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing largeamounts of data and information

A

Tape

112
Q

drive reads and writes data and information on a tape

A

tape

113
Q

_____ and _____store microscopic images ofdocuments on a roll or sheet film

A

Microfilm and microfiche

114
Q

contains a magnetic stripe thatstores information

A

magnetic stripe card

115
Q

stores data on athin microprocessorembedded in the card

A

smart card

116
Q

defines how a number can berepresented using distinct symbols

A

number system

117
Q

another word for base?

A

Radix

118
Q

binary is derived from the

A

Latin root bini (or two by two

119
Q

decimal is derived from the

A

Latin root decem

120
Q

hexadecimal is derived from the

A

Greek root hex (6)

121
Q

octal is derived from the

A

Latin root octo

122
Q

A process in which two or more computers or devices transfer data, instruction, and information

A

Computer communication

CS Finals (8 decks)

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