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CS Finals > CS Midterms (3) > Flashcards

CS Midterms (3) Flashcards

1
Q

, is
the location where a computer keeps data, information,

A

secondary storage

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2
Q

refers to
long-term, permanent access of data and information.

A

Storage

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3
Q

is the hardware that records and/or
retrieves items to and from storage media.

A

storage device

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4
Q

is the process of transferring data, instructions, and infor-
mation from memory to a storage medium.

A

Writing

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5
Q

the process of transferring these items from a storage
medium into memory.

A

Reading

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6
Q

is the number of bytes (characters) a storage medium can hold.

A

Capacity

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7
Q

measures (1) the amount of time it
takes a storage device to locate an item on a storage medium
or (2) the time required to deliver an item from memory
to the processor.

A

Access time

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8
Q

is the speed with which data, instructions,
and information transfer to and from a device.

A

Transfer rate

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9
Q

, also called a hard
disk drive (HDD), is a storage device that contains one
or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic
particles to store data, instructions, and information.

A

hard disk

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10
Q

is made of aluminum, glass, or ceramic and has
a thin coating of alloy material that allows items to be
recorded magnetically on its surface.

A

platter

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11
Q

aligns the magnetic particles
horizontally around the surface of the disk.

A

Longitudinal recording

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12
Q

, by contrast, hard disks align
the magnetic particles vertically, or perpendicular to the
disk’s surface, making much greater storage capacities
possible.

A

perpendicular recording

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13
Q

is the number of bits in an area on a stor-
age medium.

A

Density

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14
Q

is the process of dividing the disk into tracks
and sectors

A

Formatting

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15
Q

is one of the series of concentric circles on one of
the surfaces of a magnetic hard disk platter.

A

track

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16
Q

is an individual block of data,
or a segment of a track. Several sectors form a cluster.

A

sector

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17
Q

mechanism that reads items and writes items in the drive
as it barely touches the disk’s recording surface.

A

read/write head

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18
Q

is a
separate, freestanding storage device that connects with a
cable to a USE port

A

external hard drive

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19
Q

) is a removable
storage device for folders

A

USB flash drive (universal serial bus

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20
Q

is a removable flash memory storage device,

A

memory card

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21
Q

is a type of storage medium that consists of a
flat, round, portable disc made of metal, plastic, and lacquer
that is written and read by a laser.

A

optical disc

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22
Q

Recall that cloud computing refers to an environment of
servers that house and provide access to resources users access

via the Internet.

A

Cloud Storage

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23
Q

uses software to emulate hardware
capabilities, enabling companies to scale,

A

Infrastructure as a
service (IaaS)

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24
Q

Some companies specify the
applications, security settings, and computing resources
available to employees on their desktop computers.

A
  • Desktop as a Service:
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25
Q

) allows users and applications to
access a company’s data.

A

Data as a service (DaaS

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26
Q

allows developers to create, test, and run their
solutions on a cloud platform without having to
purchase or configure the underlying hardware and
software.

A

Platform as a service (PaaS)

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27
Q

is digital currency that can be used

to transfer money or payment between users or corpo-
rations.

A

Cryptocurrency

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28
Q

, such
as Venmo, enable you to transfer money between your
credit card or bank account to another user.

A

Payment apps

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29
Q

, such as ApplePay, is an app that is connected to a specific payment card or financial account

A

digital wallet

30
Q

, which means that if one
component fails or malfunctions,

A

redundancy

31
Q

is a secure location with many large computers that act
as servers, which make files available to users

A

data center

32
Q

, which writes data on two drives at the
same time to duplicate the data.

A

mirroring

33
Q

, which splits data, instructions, and informa-
tion across multiple drives in the array.

A

striping

34
Q

is a
server that is placed on a network with the sole purpose
of providing storage to users, computers,

A

Network attached storage (NAS)

35
Q

is a high-speed
network with the sole purpose of providing storage to
other attached servers.

A

storage area network (SAN)

36
Q

is a magnetically coated
ribbon of plastic that is capable of storing large amounts
of data and information at a low cost.

A

Tape

37
Q

A is a credit card, entertainment
card, bank card, or other similar card with a stripe that
contains information identifying you and the card.

A

magnetic stripe card

38
Q

, which is an alternative to a magnetic

stripe card, stores data on an integrated circuit embed-
ded in the card.

A

smart card

39
Q

consists of an antenna and a memory chip that contains the infor-
mation to be transmitted via radio waves

A

RFID tag

40
Q

also called main memory, consists of
memory chips that can be read from and written to by
the processor and other devices.

A

RAM,

41
Q

is a unique number that identifies the location of

a byte in memory.

A

address

42
Q

which is a temporary storage

area.

A

cache (pronounced cash),

43
Q

helps speed the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data.

A

Memory cache

44
Q

is a type of nonvolatile
memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten.

A

Flash memory

45
Q

technology because
it provides high speeds and consumes little power.

A

CMOS (complementary
metal-oxide semiconductor)

46
Q

which are
devices that send low-energy Bluetooth signals to nearby
smartphones, to alert customers who use a payment app,

A

beacons,

47
Q

is
a list of related items, including folders, applications,
and commands.

A

menu

48
Q

, which is a list of additional commands associ-
ated with the selected command on a menu.

A

submenu

49
Q

is a list of frequently used commands that relate
to an object.

A

shortcut menu

50
Q

which is a box with controls that lets you tell the
operating system how you want to complete a command

A

dialog box,

51
Q

, which are apps
or programs that enable you to perform maintenance-type
tasks related to managing the computer or device.

A

utilities

52
Q

are tl1e components required

to perform work,

A

resources

53
Q

is the amount of data
and program instructions that can swap at a given time.

A

page

54
Q

the whole system slows down and it is said to
be.

A

Trashing

55
Q

is the active program, that is, the one
you currently are using.

A

foreground

56
Q

other programs running
but not in use are in the

A

background.

57
Q

which is the practice of sharing computing

resources, such as servers or storage devices, among com-
puters and devices on a network.

A

virtualization,

58
Q

programs keep all or some of the code hidden,

A

Closed source

59
Q

is one that runs only on a specific type or make

of computer or mobile device.

A

device-dependent program

60
Q

is privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or
computer or device model.

A

Proprietary software

61
Q

that run
on computers and mobile devices provided by a variety
of manufacturers.

A

device-independent operating systems

62
Q

is three- or four-letter sequence, preceded by a period,

A

file extension

63
Q

File size usually is measured in

A

kilobytes

64
Q

A is a special folder that catalogues specific files
and folders in a central location, regardless of where the
items are actually stored on your device. Library files
might include pictures, music,

A

library

65
Q

is a program that assesses and reports information about
various computer resources and devices.

A

performance monitor

66
Q

is a rectangular-shaped

work area that displays an app or a collection of files,

A

a window

67
Q

displays a running
program;

A

a program window

68
Q

a displays the contents of a folder,

A

folder window

69
Q

is an interface that enables you to

train it to respond to your gestures and voice commands.

A

natural user interface (NUI)

70
Q

identify the resources,

such as apps and storage locations, a user can access when
working with the computer.

A

User accounts

71
Q

A enables a computer or device to run another
operating system in addition to the one installed.

A

virtual
machine (VM)

72
Q

, is a section of a hard drive that functions like a separate drive.

A

partition, also called a volume

CS Finals (8 decks)

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