Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

N5 > CS > Flashcards

CS Flashcards

1
Q

what does the processor (CPU) do?

A

it carries out the instructions of a program, to preform the basic operations of the system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the brains of the computer

A

processor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does ALU stand for

A

arithmetic and logic unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does the ALU do

A

it preforms all the calculations and logical operations like AND, OR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the processor made up of

A

ALU, control unit, and registers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does the controll unit do

A

the control unit controls the sequencing of fetching, decoding and execution of instructions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the registers

A

the registers are temporary memory locations within the processor itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is memory

A

memory is a set of chips which store programs and data in the computer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the purpose of unique addresses

A

so that the computer can read and write the data to that location correctly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the two types of busses

A

the address bus and the data bus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does the address bus do

A

it identidies the memory location that is going to be accessed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does the data bus do

A

the data bus transfer data from the processor to the memory and vice versa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are common features of high level languages

A

it uses english like words, it has to be translated to machine code, it can work on different types of computer systems with only minor changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are common features of machine code

A

it is made up of 1s and 0s, it is machine specific. a machine code program will only run on the type of computer it was created for NOT others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does a translater do

A

it translates the high level language to machine code

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the two types of translaters

A

interpreter and compiler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does an interpreter do

A

an interpreter translates the high level program one line at a time into machine code and executes this line immediately. becuase you cant save the machine code this translation must be carried out every time the program is run hence it takes a long time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are two advantages of an interpreter

A

it reports errors at the end of each line so it is easier to correct mistakes and it takes less memory than a compiler when translating the program into machine code

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the disadvantages of an interpreter

A

becuase the machine code cannot be saved the high level language needs to be translated into machine code every time the program is run. this takes time

20
Q

what does a compiler do

A

a compiler translates the whole high language code into machine code and saves the machine code version of the program meaning it can be run in future without having to translate it again. this saves time

21
Q

what are two advantages of a compiler

A

because the machine code file is saved, it never needs to be translated again and it takes less memory when executing the mahine code program to an interpreter

22
Q

what are the disadvantages of a compiler

A

it takes more memory when translating the program compared to an interpreter

23
Q

when do programmers use interpreters

A

when they are developing the program

24
Q

why do programmers use interpreters when developing a program

A

because each error is reported at the end of each line so debugging mistakes is easier

25
Q

if a programmer is developing a website what type of translater would they use

A

an interpreter

26
Q

when do programmers use compilers

A

once a program is finished

27
Q

why do programmers use compilers when a program is finished

A

so that they dont need to translate it again

28
Q

if a programmer has finished a program what type of translater would they use

A

a compiler

29
Q

how many bits are in 1 byte

A

8

30
Q

how many bytes are in 1 kibibyte (Kib)

A

1024 bytes

31
Q

what types of data does memory hold

A

integer numbers, real numbers, characters, bit-mapped and vector graphics

32
Q

what is an integer

A

a negative or posative whole number

33
Q

what is a real number

A

a real number is a number that can have a decimal/fractional part to it

34
Q

how do you store a real number in binary

A

with the mantissa and exponent

35
Q

how are characters stored

A

using ASCII code

36
Q

how many bits does does 1 ASCII take up

A

8

37
Q

what does the ASCII table include

A

all the numbers, letters (upper and lower) and punctuation marks in the alphabet, foreign language symbols e.g. é, á, ó and control characters e.g. tab

38
Q

how do vector graphics store a picture

A

by storing each objects attributes for example a circle could be stored as circle(centerx, centrey, raduis, line colour, line thickness, fill colour)

39
Q

what are the objects we need to know for nat 5

A

rectangle, ellipse, line, polygon

40
Q

what are the attributes we need to know for nat 5

A

co-ordinates, line colour and fill colour

41
Q

what are some ways to reduce the enviromental impact

A

leaving computers on stand by, change the settings on the monitor, change the power down settings

42
Q

what does a fire wall do

A

protects against people trying to hack into your computer

43
Q

in which ways can a firewall block access

A

packet filtering and/or IP blocking

44
Q

how does packet filtering work

A

when a data packet is received by the firewall it checks it against its filters. if it is acceptable it is allowed through otherwise it is rejected

45
Q

how does IP blocking work

A

the firewall can compare the IP that tries to communicate with your computer to a list of blocked IP addresses if it is blocked it is rejected. alternatively it can be checked against a list of IP addresses that are allowed to access the computer

46
Q

what is one way you can stop people from getting information online

A

encryption

N5 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions