Crystalloids and Colloids Flashcards
0.25 NS
hypotonic
0.45 NS
Hypotonic
5% D5W
hypotonic
NS
isotonic
LR
isotonic
D5 0.45 NS
hypertonic
D5NS
hypertonic
Hypertonic saline
hypertonic
hypotonic crystalloids action
shifts fluid out of vessels into cells
what does D5W do X4
spares protein
provides calories and free water
treats hyperkalemia
diluent for IV drugs
hypotonic soln NI’s X4
may worsen hypotension
can increase edema
may cause hyponatremia
may irritate veins (D5W)
isotonic crystalloid action
no fluid shift
vascular expansion
electrolyte replacement
isotonic crystalloid NI’s X6
may cause fluid overload
generalized edema
dilutes hgb
may cause hyperchloremic acidosis
may cause electrolyte imbalnces
proinflammatory in large doses
hypertonic crystalloids action
shifts fluid back into circulation
vascular expansion
replaces electrolytes
hypertonic solns NI’s
venous irritant
may cause fluid overload
may cause hypernatremia
may cause hyperchloremia
slows inflammation and increases capillary permeability (5)
albumin action
keeps fluid in vessels
maintains volume
used to replace protein and treat shock
albumin NI’s X2
may cause anaphylaxis
may cause fluid overload/pulmonary edema
dextran action
shifts fluid into vessels
vascular expansion
prolongs hemodynamic esponse when given with HS
Dextran NI’s X3
may cause fluid overload and hypersensitivity
increased risk of bleeding
CI in bleeding disorders, CHF and renal failure
Hetastarch action
shifts fluid into vessels
vascular expansion
hetastarch NI’s X3
may cause fluid overload and hypersensitivity
increased risk of bleeding
CI in bleeding disorders, CHF and renal failure
mannitol action
oliguric diuresis
reduces cerebral edema
eliminates tocins
mannitol NI’s
may cause fluid overload
may cause electrolyte imbalances
cellular dehydration
extravasation can cause tissue necrosis
