Crystallographic texture

Question 1

What is texture?

Answer 1

texture describes the preferred orientation of grains and crystals within a polycrystalline material.

Question 2

If a material has a preferred grain orientation, what is it called?

Answer 2

Textured

Question 3

How are textures originated?

Answer 3

Through processing

Question 4

What are some examples of manufacturing process?

Answer 4

Solidification
Cold / Hot Rolling
Wire Drawing
Extrusion
Powder compaction
Thin film growth
Selective Laser melting

Question 5

What do ND, TD and RD mean?

Answer 5

RD = rolling direction (x)
TD = Transverse direction (y)
ND = Normal direction (z)

Question 6

If a grain texture is parallel to RD, ND and TD, what direction and plane is parallel to the RD plane and dirextion?

Answer 6

[010] // RD
(001) // rolling plane
or [010] // RD

Question 7

What is the normal to a (001) plane

Answer 7

[001]

Question 8

What do material textures look like in reality?

Answer 8

Grains have common orientation, but are spatially apart

Question 9

How do you observe similar grain textures on the EBSD

Answer 9

they would be the same colour

Question 10

What properties are affected through texture?

Answer 10

Elastic properties,
Plastic properties
Crevice corrosion
Magnetic properties
Thermal expansion
Electrical conductivity

Question 11

What is the best texture for magnetic properties in silicon steel (e.g. in transformers)?

Answer 11

The GOSS texture {011}<100>, adds 30% more efficiency (30% less resistance)

Question 12

How would you describe uniaxial texture (such as in wires)

Answer 12

expressed in miller indices of direction [uvw], aligned along the specimen axis.
It is expressed <001> parallel to the drawing direction

Question 13

What does (hkl)[uvw] indicate in biaxial deformation?

Answer 13

(hkl) // rolling plane
[uvw] // rolling direction

and as a result
[hkl] // ND -> normal of (hkl) plane