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Basic Modalities > Cryotherapy > Flashcards

Cryotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

C. - F.

A

C=5/9 F-32

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2
Q

F. - C.

A

F=9/5 C +32

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3
Q

Cryotherapy is the most versatile modality. It elicits a wide range of cellular, vascular, and nervous system responses. Which are??

A

Regulates inflammatory response
Limits scope of original injury
decreases pain
decreases acute muscle spasm

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4
Q

T or F

Cyrotherapy can be used throughout the healing process.

A

True

different uses during different stages

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5
Q

Stage of Acute care or recurring acute care and the 3 phases within

A

Acute care: 0-4 days
Emergency care: CPR, transport to ER
Immediate care: 0-12 hr
Transition care: 12hr-4days

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6
Q

Stage of Subacute care

A

Subacute care: 4-14 days

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7
Q

Stage of Post-acute care

A

Post-acute care: after 14 days

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8
Q

ICE

A

I: ice
C: compression
E: elevation

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9
Q

RICE

A

R: rest
I: ice
C: compression
E: elevation

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10
Q

PRICE

A 
P: protect
R: rest
I: ice
C: compression
E: elevation
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11
Q

RICES

A 
R: rest
I: ice
C: compression
E: elevation
S: stabilization
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12
Q

When RICES is begun within first 10-20 min, it helps to minimize…

A 
swelling
pain
muscle spasm
neural inhibition
secondary injury
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13
Q

ALL acute musculoskeletal injuries should be treated with _________.

A

RICES

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14
Q

Theoretical basis for RICES: What is the purpose of rest?

A

Rest helps to limit injury aggravation. Injured limb should move as little as possible (don’t cause further injury).

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15
Q

Theoretical basis for RICES: Why is rest important?
Pain = ??
Pain = ??

A

spasming
neural inhibition (decrease strength & ROM)
Rest will help decrease these 2 because we are not causing further damage.

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16
Q

Theoretical basis for RICES: (rest) During IMMEDIATE care phase (0-12hr) what should the athlete always use?

A

Always use crutches until they can walk with normal, pain-free gait.

17
Q

Theoretical basis for RICES: (rest)

During transition care, why is it important to use “relative rest”?

A

Because to-little activity results in delayed healing, adhesions, atrophy, loss of conditioning.

18
Q

T or F

“no pain, no gain” is a slogan used frequently during rehab.

A

False
avoid pain
not about how tough the patient is but how smart

19
Q

Theoretical basis for RICES: What is the purpose for ICE?

A

Limits secondary injury (2nd metabolic injury)
Controls swelling
Limits neural inhibition

20
Q

Theoretical basis for RICES: (ICE) Describe the decreased blood flow theory (aka circulatory theory)

A

Cold causes vasoconstriction -> decreases blood flow -> decreases hemorrhage -> reduces swelling

BUT…ice would have to be applied within 5-10 min to constrict hemorrhaging vessels

21
Q

Metabolism and cooling: There is a direct relationship between tissue _________ and ________ consumption. The cooler the ______, the lower its ________.

A

temperature
oxygen
tissue
metabolism

22
Q

Theoretical basis for RICES: (compression) What is the purpose for compression?

A

Controls edema formation. It increases pressure outside of the capillaries, which decreases capillary filtration pressure.

23
Q

When is compression most beneficial?

A

Once edema begins but also is effective for as long as edema is present. (unknown when edema will start so apply compression within minutes & continue until edema is resolved)

24
Q

Constant Compression VS. Intermittent Compression - When and why?

A

Constant: when goal is to prevent edema
Intermittent: when goal is to remove edema, It stimulates lymphatic system (removes tissue debris).

25
Q

T or F
Compression exerted by an elastic wrap over a crushed ice pack causes a greater tissue temperature reduction than application of the ice pack alone. Compression enhances cooling.

A

true

26
Q

Theoretical basis for RICES: (elevation) What is the purpose of elevation?

A

Helps control edema. Decreases capillary hydrostatic pressure, which decreases fluid forced out of capillaries. Positively impacts limb hydrostatic pressure.

27
Q

Theoretical basis for RICES: (stabilization) What is the purpose of stabilization?

A

It limits neural inhibition. Goal: support injured limb so surrounding muscles can relax. This will:

  1. reduce pain
  2. prevents neural inhibition
  3. prevents spasm/guarding (pain-spasm cycle)
28
Q

Which other RICES factors can stabilization be confused with and why?

A

Compression or Rest

Purpose is different: stabilization may provide compression and force the body to rest, but these are secondary effects.

29
Q

Definition of cold

A

a relative temperature state characterized by a decrease in molecular motion.
Cold = absence of heat

30
Q

T or F

The state of “being cold” is relative

A

true
after a hot summer, 50 degrees F feels cold
after a cold winter, 50 degrees F feels warm

31
Q

Cold cannot be transferred, what does that mean?

A

Cold cannot be transferred to another object or space. Heat is the only thing that is transferred because heat goes from a high intensity to low which is cold so heat is transferred to cold. (Cold (er,heat) transfer - during cooling heat is transferred from body tissues to cold modality through conduction)

32
Q

Cold (er, heat) transfer: During cooling, heat is transferred from body tissues to cold modality through conduction. Rate of conduction (rate of tissue temperature decrease) depends on??

A
  1. temp difference between body & modality
    - larger difference=faster heat conduction=deeper effects of Rx
  2. removal of heat from the body will continue until the temperature of the area is equal to the temperature of the modality.
33
Q

Other factors that the rate of conduction ALSO depends on:

A
  1. Regeneration of body heat &/or modality cooling
    - heat is replaced by circulation blood heat
    - Heat transferred from body to modality
  2. Heat storage capacity of modality, a modality that can accept a greater amount of heat before it begins to warming will maintain a greater temperature differential between modality and body
34
Q

What is specific heat?

A

Crushed ice packs are more effective than gel packs because they undergo a phase change (solid to liquid), which results in more heat being withdrawn from the body.

35
Q

Other factors that the rate of conduction for the 3rd time ALSO depends on:

A
  1. size of cold modality (larger=more heat accepted)
  2. amount of tissue in contact with cold modality, Example: immersing forearm in 50 degree F water will cool it to the same degree as a 32 degree F cold pack.
  3. Length of application
  4. Individual variability (people react differently)
36
Q

The depth of penetration in tissue cooling is based on:

A

Temp of cryotherapy
intensity (including contact)
circulatory responses
treatment time (longer=greater depth of cooling & greater temp decrease)

37
Q

What is the order of tissues to loose heat

A
  1. skin
  2. adipose
  3. fascia
  4. muscle
38
Q

Temperature changes:

A

see podcast

Basic Modalities (6 decks)

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