CRUISE

Question 1

What determines rate and radius of turn?

Answer 1

Bank angle

TAS

Question 2

increase bank angle, effect on turn radius, rate and load factor?

Answer 2

turn radius reduce
rate of turn increase
produce a higher load factor

Question 3

reducing TAS, effect on turn radius, rate and load factor?

Answer 3

turn radius reduce
rate of turn increase
load factor decrease

Question 4

CG AFT limit?

Answer 4

Lower stall speed
Highest cruise speed
least stability

Question 5

explain why CG AFT is good?

Answer 5

aircraft loaded aft, less taildown force required to achieve aircraft balance= less taildown force means less drag= means less lift to be produce= means faster cruise speed, better climb rate

Question 6

FWD CG means?

Answer 6

increase VS
increase Drag
Increase fuel consumption
incrase stability

Question 7

Where is CG located at?

Answer 7

CG is normally in front of CP

Question 8

Cost index formula?

Answer 8

CI= operating cost of airplane/ cost of fuel
if fuel cost is high: number is Low
used in computation for ECON speed

Question 9

Cost index 0?

Cost index 999?

Answer 9

0: ECON spd Max range speed
999: Minimum flight time. FL Opti is lower MMO-0.02
speed will ↘ over the flight for a lower CI
speed will ↗ over higher CI values

Question 10

ECON SPEED specification?

Answer 10

ECON speed is adjusted for winds whereas LRC is NOT
ECON SPD is optimized for all cruise wind conditions
STRONG Tailwind: Econ spd will be reduces to maximize advantage
Headwind: Econ spd will be increased to minimize penalty
0.01M per 50Kts

Question 11

MACH formula

Answer 11

M=TAS/speed of sound
speed of sound= C√T , T in Kelvin
so as alt↗, T↘. speed of sound ↘
at same M, the lower aircraft goes faster

Question 12

Mach to GS

Answer 12

M.8 : 8Nm/mins : 8*60=480Kts

M.7 : 7Nm/mins : 7*60=420Kts

Question 13

at constant M, if W↗ : Max alt?
if T↗ : Max alt?
if M↗ : Max alt?

Answer 13

W↗: MAX ALT ↘
TEMP↗: MAX ALT ↘
M↗: MAX ALT↘

Question 14

LRC

Answer 14

minimum fuel burn
on the 757 it is .80 within 2000ft of OPTI
99% MAX specific range

Question 15

FMC alt, OPT, MAX, RECMD?

Answer 15

OPT: most economical alt based on W and active cruise speed
MAX: max alt based on gross W, climb and cruise speed and sufficient excess thrust to provide a specified residual rate of climb
RECMD: most economical alt based on wind and airplane performance

Question 16

Limit M number, at constant alt, inluence in temp and W?

Answer 16

if temp or W ↗: limit M number ↘

Question 17

Max Headwind that you can accept?

Answer 17

GSmini= FF*D/Q fuel
Q fuel= Fuel on board- (final+alt)
Max HW= GSmini-TAS

Question 18

TAS variation, draw a graph?

Answer 18

TAS increase as altitude increase up to the Cross-over altitude where it decrease slightly then upon reaching the tropoause it remains fix
Cross-over alt is around FL300
tropopause around FL360

Question 19

Relation between temp, pressure, density, speed of sound as Altitude increase?

Answer 19

temp ↘up to 36000ft where it remains -56.5°
pressure↘ 1013, FL300=300
Density↘
Speed of sound↘ 661Kt/ FL400 is 573Kt

Question 20

True ALtitude formula?

Answer 20

True Alt= Indicated Alt+28*(QNH-1013)