Crude Oil And Hydrocarbons Flashcards
What is a mixture?
Two or more elements not chemically joined together
What is a hydrocarbon?
A compound made from hydrogen and carbon only
Why does naphtha have a lower boiling point than diesel?
Naphtha contains short chain hydrocarbons
So it has smaller intermolecular forces between molecules
(Can be applied to all crude oils)
Why is kerosene more expensive than fuel?
Kerosene is in higher demand
And kerosene is in short supply
Describe how a mixture of alkanes can be separated using fractional distillation
Heat or evaporate crude oil into a vapour
Cool or condense hydrocarbons into fractions
At different temperature or boiling points
Give me uses for crude oil
Useful as a feedstock for production of other compounds
Used fur kerosene, petrol, diesel, heavy fuel oil
Also a starting material like polymers, solvents, lubricants and petrochemicals
What is fractional distillation
crude oil are separated out into groups called fractions, according to their boiling points.
Bitumen is a long chain hydrocarbon in road construction.
Predict where you would collect bitumen from a fractional distillation column.
At bottom as Bitumen is a long chain hydrocarbon.
has a high boiling point.
This means it is extracted at the bottom of the column where it is hottest.
Describe now crude is oil formed
Decide organisms called plankton
Buried in mud
Over a long proud of time
‘What is the name given to the hydrocarbons that are found in crude oil?
Alkanes
What is the formula for alkanes
CnH2n+2
Examples of cracking?
Steam, and catalytic
How do we test for alkenes?
Use bromine water
Will turn colourless
What are alkenes used for?
Polymers and are a starting material fur other chemicals.
