CRP Flashcards
Crucial biomarkers for inflammation and infection
C-REACTIVE PROTEIN
they are responses provided by immune response if inflammation
or infection is encountered.
Acute-phase reactants/proteins (APRs/APPs)
primary inducer for inflammatory
response
Interleukin 1
responsible for activating acute-phase
protein
Interleukin 6
CRP are synthesized in the
LIVER
CRP Normal range:
<10mg/L
If the value is greater than 10mg/L, the body is having what?
inflammation or infection.
What is the difference between POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE APPs
Negative acute phase protein
“decreases” in inflammation
Positive acute phase protein
“increases” in inflammation
more inflammation in the body causes
higher CRP level
T OR F
CRP is very specific
F
not specific
CRP tests can help monitor ____________ and ___________
disease progress & flares
An extremely elevated CRP is suggestive of a possible ___________. (>1000mg/L)
bacterial
infection
CRP gene is found on
chromosome 1, short arm
CRP has the highest affinity for
─ Phosphocholine on bacteria
─ Mixture of sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine in eukaryotic membranes.
T or F
CRP can recognize both intrinsic and extrinsic ligands
T
3 Functions of CRP
Anti-infective
Anti-inflammatory actions
Scavenging Action
Differentiate CRP and ESR based on the following:
Production
Sensitivity
Specificity
Reference range
CRP
rapid, more sensitive, more specific, mg/L
ESR
delayed, moderately sensitive, less specific, mm/h
A function of CRP the is characterized by binding avidly to cell that are undergoing apoptosis or necrosis.
Scavenging Action
PROCESSES INDUCED BY CRP
OPERA V
Activation of complement cascade
RAAS activation
Vascular wall damage
Prothrombotic state
Endothelial dysfunction
Opsonization of oxidized LDL
FACTORS AFFECTING CRP LEVELS
Gender
Body mass effect
Ethnicity
Exercise
Alcohol consumption
T or F
Women have higher CRP levels than men
T
T or F
The higher the weight, the lower level of CRP
F
the higher
T or F
After exercise CRP levels decrease
T
METHODS FOR DETECTION OF CRP
(VIRE)
Visual agglutination
Immunoturbidimetry
Rapid immunodiffusion
ELISA
Utilizes antigen-antibody interaction on a solid surface
ELISA
Relies on the formation of antigen-antibody complexes causing turbidity
Immunoturbidimetry
Based on immunoprecipitation, where CRP diffuses towards specific antibodies in a gel medium, forming visible precipitin
bands
Rapid immunodiffusion
Involves the clumping of latex particles coated with CRP specific antibodies
Visual agglutination
- Osteoarthritis
- Predictive coronary events (esp. in stable angina)
- Proinflammatory or prothrombotic effects
Elevated CRP levels
- SLE
- Scleroderma
- Sjogren Syndrome
- Dermatomyositis/ Polymyositis
Mild elevation of CRP levels
- Helpful tool in determining the response to antibiotic therapy and duration of treatment
Normalization of CRP levels
- Elevated levels were seen in majority of kidney or heart transplant
- Highly elevated GVHD
Transplant
- An increase is associated with a poorer short term prognosis
Cerebral vein or sinus thrombosis
________ with platelet counts (>400,000/uL) and CRP
levels (>2.45 mg/dl) have been found to be the strongest laboratory predictors of positive temporal artery biopsy
Thrombocystosis
- Level peaks 3 days after onset of pain
- Level of 150 mg/L distinguishes mild from sever disease
Pancreatitis
More sensitive than CRP especially for cardiovascular injury
HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (HS-CRP)
HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (HS-CRP) NORMAL RANGE
Normal range: <0.3 mg/dl
USES OF HS-CRP
- Performing risk assessment for cardiovascular disease
- Determine risk of hypotension
these are pathogenic
possibilities or risk factors
extrinsic ligands
these are certain molecules
that are normally found inside the body
intrinsic/self-ligands
