Crozer- Clinical Podiatry Flashcards
clinical patterns of tinea pedis? common infecting org?
chronic (moccasin/papulosquamous-trichophyton rubrum
acute (interdigital/vasicular)-trichophyton mentagrophytes
Ulceration-trichophyton mentagrophytes w pseudomonas or proteus
patterns of onychomycosis? infecting org?
Distal subungual onychomycosis (DSO) ~ 90%
Most common
Trichophyton rubrum
Proximal subungual onychomycosis (PSO) ~ 1%
Seen in immunocompromised patients
Trichophyton rubrum
Superficial white onychomycosis (SWO) ~ 10%
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Candidal onychomycosis
Candida albicans
what test confirms tinea pedis or onychomycosis
KOH prep of skin/nail. septate
how does lamisil work
inhibits ergosterol syn
whats phenol
carbolic acid
if pt allergic to all locals what can you use during a nail avulsion?
Saline block (pressure block)
pressure cuff
benadryl block
causes of hallux varus
Congenital Clubfoot Metatarsus adductus Traumatic MPJ dislocation Fracture Iatrogenic Overcorrection of intermetatarsal angle Excessive resection of medial eminence or staking the head Fibular sesamoidectomy Overaggressive capsulorrhaphy Bandaging too far into varus
Staking the head
excessive resection of 1st met head-> varus
flexor stabilization hammertoes
Most common
Stance phase
Flexors overpower interossei
Pronated foot
extensor substitution
Swing phase
Extensors overpower lumbricals
Anterior cavus, ankle equinus, anterior compartment muscle weakness
Flexor substitution
Least common
Stance phase
Deep compartment muscles overpower interossei
Supinated, high arch foot or weakened Achilles
whats the silfverskiold test
Determines gastroc vs. gastroc-soleus
Positive test
Dorsiflexion of the foot to neutral or beyond with the knee in flexion
Gastroc equinus
Negative test
Lack of dorsiflexion of the foot to neutral with knee in flexion and in extension
Gastroc-soleus equinus
Lachman test
Determines if there is a plantar plate tear or rupture. While stabilizing the metatarsal, a dorsal
translocation of the proximal phalanx greater than 2 mm is suggestive of rupture.
Mulder sign
Identifies a Morton neuroma by a palpable click when compressing metatarsal heads and
palpating the interspace
sullivan sign
separation of digits caused by a mass in the interspace
q angle
btwn axis of the femur and the line between the patella and tibial tuberosity
edema with a cast. when to worry?
if down in AM know it is gravity edema.
if doesn’t go down=abnormal
Stages of raynauds?
white-> blue-> red
Pallor – spasm of digital arteries
Cyanosis – deoxygenation of blood pools
Rubor – hyperemia
ABI normal?
Ankle Brachial Index – compares ankle to arm pressures Normal 1 Intermittent claudication 0.6-0.8 Rest pain 0.4-0.6 Ischemic ulcerations <0.4