Crossword down Flashcards
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent widely used in homes and hospitals due to efficacy on skin and oral mucosa with low irritability
Chlorhexidine
Topical immune response modifier used to treat actinic keratosis and basal or squamous cell carcinomas
Also used to treat genital warts
Imiquimod
Delayed hypersensitivity reaction that can be caused by substances such as latex and drugs such as neomycin and bacitracin
Sometimes induced as treatment of skin disorders (e.g. psoriasis, alopecia)
Contact dermatitis
Aminoglycoside antibiotic of Neosporin with activity against gram-negative bacteria
Neomycin
Can be administered systemically to treat tinea capitis (ringworm in scalp)
Griseofulvin
~50% water and 50% oil with an emulsifier
Base that is useful for covering large and/or wet areas with a drug but preservatives, etc. can cause allergic reactions
Creams
Retinoid administered orally for treatment of severe acne
Powerful teratogen that mandates participation by young females in the iPledge program
Isotretinoin
Very important component of skin care for health care providers
Moisturizers
Orally active phosphodiesterase type IV inhibitor that inhibits numerous pro-inflammatory mediators
Used to moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis
Severe diarrhea is an adverse effect
Apremilast
κ-opioid receptor agonist/μ-opioid receptor antagonist administered intranasally to treat intractable/nocturnal pruritus
Butorphanol
Organophosphate anticholinesterase insecticide, kills ectoparasites
Malathion
Drug class useful for systemic treatment of acne, photosensitivity, and GI distress Contraindication in pregnancy and young children due to gray discoloration of permanent teeth are noteworthy side effects
Tetracycline
Treatment for actinic keratosis derived from Euphorbia peplus sap
Causes chemoablation with neutrophil-mediated antibody depended cellular cytotoxicity eliminating remaining tumor cells
Ingenolmebutate
Titanium dioxide is an example that could be applied, for example, to your nose when on the beach
Sunshade
Tetracycline used to treat acne
Noteworthy for its ability to cause dark pigmentation in skin and sclera
Minocycline
Local vasoconstriction due to blood volume deficit, unrelieved pain, hypothermia, etc.
Can impair wound healing due to an inadequate amount of this in tissue
Oxygenation
Form on surfaces
Very hard to kill because resident microbes of different species help each other survive
Biofilms
Effective topical therapy for actinic keratosis
Causes fast-proliferating dysplastic cells to die a thymidine-less death
Necrosis/erosion gives way to re-epithelialization over several weeks
5-fluorouracil
Substance P antagonist used to treat nausea and vomiting of chemotherapy
Also useful to treat intense itching and cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (Sezary syndrome)
Aprepitant
Orally administered insecticide to treat ectoparasites
Binds glutamate-activated Cl- channels to hyperpolarization the nerve and muscle cells
Ivermectin
Comprised of ~20% water and 80% oils
Best for dry skin
Stay on the surface of skin and are not well absorbed
Permit more complete drug absorption and less likely to cause allergic reaction in skin since there are no preservatives
Ointments
Itching here is far less funny that it sounds
Topical calcineurin inhibitors such as tacrolimus can help treat
Anogenital
Agents such as iodine, chlorhexidine, and hydrogen peroxide potentially do this to wound healing
Impede
Drug class that may (e.g. for urticaria) or may not stop the itch, but the associated drowsiness may help one deal with it
Antihistamines
Refers to agents such as glycerin, lecithin, and propylene glycol found in moisturizers to draw water into the outer layer of skin
Humectants
When used to treat thrush, it is held in the mouth before stalling (negligible GI absorption)
Nystatin
Antifungal applied topically that penetrates into nails to react fungal infection
Efinaconazole
Anti-inflammatory agent known since ancient times
Keratolytic effects due to its ability to dissolve intercellular cement makes it useful for treatment of acne, dandruff, and calluses
Salicylic acid
To heal best, wounds should be kept clean and _____
Moist
Class of antifungal drugs with a wide range of activity
Blocks ergosterol synthesis
Imidazoles
Biological DMARDs administered systemically to treat other autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis
TNFα blockers
Topical therapy for treating herpes labialis (also used systemically for herpes infections at other sites)
Acyclovir
Treatment for alopecia
Contract allergen applied to cause dermatitis which can be followed by hair growth
DPCP
Imidazole antifungal drug applied topically for range of fungal infections
Also noteworthy as a classic inhibitor of cytochrome P450
Ketoconazole
Topical antimicrobial agent commonly used to treat acne
Local skin irritating and may bleach hair or clothing
Benzoyl peroxide
Inhibits the mutated BRAF V600D MAP kinase found in ~60% of melanomas
Vemurafenib
Has 7 potency classes for topical administration so that is is possible to taper down to the lowest dose needed to control inflammation
Administered systemically to control pain and inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis until DMARD effects manifest
Can also be injected directly into inflamed joints
Glucocorticoids
An oral hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor used to treat advanced basal cell carcinoma
Vismodegib
Lower, closer to that of skin is why synthetic detergents minimize skin irritation during home skin care
Ph
Radiation that may not cause erythema and sunburn but nevertheless still does contribute to skin aging and photocarcinogenesis
UVA
Late choice for treating ectoparasites
Works by disrupting GABAergic transmission
Lindane
Macrolide among the systemic therapies used to treat acne
Noteworthy because it is not a cytochrome P450 inhibitor
Has unusual pharmacokinetics in that it is take up in phagocytes and released by them at sites of infection
Azithromycin
Blocks conversion of testosterone to the more potent androgen dihydrotestosterone
Among its uses is to treat male pattern baldness in men and second-line agent for this in women
Finasteride
