Cromwell and government, 1534-40 Flashcards
What were the problems with the Royal Council?
- it could be dominated by one man (Eg wolsey)
- no guidelines to how it should be organised
- meetings and discussions not recorded
- decisions it made were not recorded
- it had nearly 100 members but many did not attend
What was the Privy Council and who set it up
Cromwell created the Privy council - a simpler version of the Royal Council
- staffed by 20 professionals
- all meetings and decisions were recorded
-legal status so had power to run england on kings behalf - no corruption as members had similar expertise
What did law did Cromwell introduce to unite the North of England with the rest?
1536 Franchises of Liberty Act
What did the 1536 Act entail?
Abolished North franchises and liberties and the north came under strict royal control. The Council of the North (royal body government) strengthened and given permanent responsibility of maintaining law and order
When was the Act of Union
1536
What was the Act of Union 1536
Replaced Welsh laws with ENglish ones
Wales gained representation in the english parliament
What was the Kings Chamber
Kings chamber was in charge of keeping track of Henry’s expenditure and income
-part of the Royal Household
What were the problems with the Kings Chamber
- Henry didnt get involved as he found finance boring
- Accounts not properly checked
- couldnt cope with money from dissolution of monasteries
When was the Court of Augmentations set up? (replaced kings chamber financial responsibilites alongisde other court)
1536
What did the Court of Augmentations do?
Dealt with income and property seized by the state during the dissolution of monasteries. 1.3million pounds from dissolution
When was the Court of the First Fruits and Tenths set up
1540
What did the Court of First Fruits and Tenths 1540 do ?
Created to collect tax from the clergy (Church)
Henry could capture the Church’s payment to the pope
What is a bureaucracy
government characterised by specialization of functions
How did Cromwell begin to introduce an bureaucracy in England?
- each court recieved money from specific source of income and could only pay out money for specific reasons
- carefully checked each court to prevent corruption
- this meant Henry didnt have to be involved
Why did the role of Parliament become more prominent from 1532?
Cromwell realised the radical changes it could make by changing laws. Seen in the Act of Restraint of Appeals 1533
How did the amount of acts passed by parliament change across Henry VIII reign
first 22 years: 209 acts passed by parliament
1532-40: 333 acts passed
How did Cromwell influence the Houses of Parliament
- he controlled the discussions that were present in parliament. This meant he could put his own proposals/ideas forward.
- he was an experienced MP so could take part in House of Common discussions
- skilled lawyer, he knew how to write laws that would be voted for in parliament
How did Henry VIII influence the Houses of Parliament
-visit and intimidate (eg to supporters of catherine of aragon who opposed Act of Annates 1532)
What was “King in Parliament”
name given to the fact that parliament had power on par with the Kings
Royal income change 1530-47
1530: 100,000/year
1547: 240,000/year
