Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

B Disease Database > Crohn's Disease > Flashcards

Crohn's Disease Flashcards

1
Q

How does Crohn’s disease differ from UC?

A

UC: continuous and uniform inflammation of large bowel
CD: patchy inflammation anywhere in GI (skip lesions)

UC: stool urgency, fatigue, increased bowel movements, mucus in stool
CD: abdominal pain, diarrhoea, weight loss

UC: submucosal and mucosal diarrhoea
CD: transmural

UC: depleted goblet cells, lot of crypt abscesses, potential pseudopolyps
CD: granulomas, goblet cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Crohn’s disease?

A

Crohn’s disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It causes inflammation of your digestive tract, which can lead to abdominal pain, severe diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss and malnutrition.

Inflammation caused by Crohn’s disease can involve different areas of the digestive tract in different people. This inflammation often spreads into the deeper layers of the bowel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the age of onset for Crohns?

A

15-30

60-70

in UC first peak is most likely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the gender gap in Crohn’s disease?

A

Females > males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does smoking relate to Crohn’s disease?

A

Aggravates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What factors influence the development of Crohns?

A
  1. Genetic suscepitbility
  2. Environment (increased animal protein detrimental)
  3. Intestinal microbiota
  4. Host immune response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What part of the GI does Crohns Disease most like affect?

A

Crohn’s disease mainly effects the ileum and caecum (40%)

  • Small intestine (30-40%) has skip lesions (inflammation pattern)
  • Skip lesions can occur in large intestine (20%)
  • 10% have perianal lesions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What microscopic changes occur in Crohn’s disease?

A
  1. Transmural inflammation of the intestinal wall
  2. Skip lesions due to abrupt transition between healthy gut tissue and ulcerations
  3. Infiltration with neutrophils
  4. Granulomas
  5. Presence of goblet cells
  6. More crypt abscesses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What macroscopic changes occur in Crohn’s disease?

A
  1. Cobblestone appearance due to bowel that is thickened and the ulcers and fissures
  2. Aphthoid ulcerations in the very early stages of the disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the major ssymptoms for Crohn’s disease?

A
  1. Diarrhoea
  2. Abdominal pain
  3. Weight loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are complications related to Crohnn’s disease?

A
  1. Cancer
    • Colon cancer, small intestinal cancer
  2. Bowel obstruction
  3. Free perforation
  4. Haemorrhage
  5. Malnutrition
  6. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is Crohns Disease diagnosed?

A

Is mainly based on endoscopic findings and imaging studies with compatible clinical history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What would radiological imaging of the small bowel show in Crohn’s disease?

A

The findings include an asymmetrical alteration in the mucosal pattern with deep ulceration, and areas of narrowing or stricturing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the treatment aims of Crohns Disease?

A

The aim of management is to induce and then maintain clinical remission and achieve mucosal healing to prevent complications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is remission induced pharmacologically in crohn’s disease?

A
  1. Glucocorticoids
    • Oral prednisolone
    • Induce remission in moderate and severe attacks of CD
    • Overall remission varies from 60-90%
  2. Antibiotics → used for secondary complications
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is remission maintained pharmacologically in crohn’s disease?

A

Patients with good prognosis disease (older age at diagnosis, no perianal disease, limited ulceration at index investigations, non-smoker) may not require maintenance therapy

Other maintenance therapy includes:

  1. Immunosuppressant medication
  2. Anti-TNF agents
17
Q

What role does surgery play in Crohn’s disease?

A

Approximately 80% of patients will require an operation at some time during the course of their disease.

Indications for surgery:

  1. Failure of medical therapy, with acute or chronic symptoms producing ill-health
  2. Complications (e.g. toxic dilatation, obstruction, perforation, abscesses, enterocutaneous fistula)
  3. Failure to grow in children despite medical treatment.
  4. Presence of perianal sepsis: an examination under anaesthetic is performed, the sepsis is drained and a seton is inserted to ensure ongoing drainage
18
Q

What anti-TNF agents are used in Crohns disease?

A

infliximab, adalimumab

19
Q

What is the prognosis for Crohn’s disease?

A

With treatment, most people achieve a healthy weight, and the mortality rate for the disease is relatively low

Up to 80% of people with Crohn’s disease are hospitalised at some point during the course of their disease

B Disease Database (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions