Critical Thinking & the Nursing Process (Ch. 15-20) Flashcards
Critical Thinking Behavior- Define:
Analyticity
Systematicity
Maturity
Analyticity: Analyze potentially problematic situations; anticipate possible results or consequences; value reason; use evidence-based knowledge.
Systematicity: Be organized, focused; work hard in any inquiry.
Maturity: Multiple solutions are acceptable. Reflect on your own judgments; have cognitive maturity
Levels of Critical Thinking- Define:
Basic
Complex
Commitment
Basic: do not have enough experience to anticipate how to individualize the procedure and thus thinking is concrete and procedure is followed step by step
Complex: critical thinking combines with creativity allowing for more flexibility. Can find original solutions to specific problems when traditional interventions are not effective
Commitment: can anticipate when to make choices without assistance from others and accept accountability for decisions made.
Conceptually, what is the purpose of the nursing process?
To diagnose and treat human responses (e.g., patient symptoms, need for knowledge) to actual or potential health problems.
To help patients meet agreed-on outcomes for better health .
The format for the nursing process is unique to the discipline of nursing and provides a common language and process for nurses to “think through” patients’ clinical problems
A part of critical thinking that involves purposefully reviewing a situation to discover its purpose or meaning. What does REFLECT stand for?
R: Recall the events. Review the facts about a situation and describe what happened.
E: Examine your responses. Think about or discuss your thoughts and actions at the time of the situation.
F: Acknowledge Feelings: Identify any feelings you had during the situation.
L: Learn from the experience: Review and highlight what you learned from the situation—for example, your patient’s responses and your actions.
E: Explore options: Think about or discuss your options for similar situations in the future.
C: Create a plan of action: Create a plan for how to act in future similar situations.
T: Set a Time: Set a time by which your plan of action will be completed.
During the first step of assessment, you do what?
collect subjective and objective data about a patient and recognize and identify patterns that begin to reflect the meaning of a patient’s response to health problems.
Define a medical diagnosis
the identification of a disease condition based on a specific evaluation of physical signs and symptoms, a patient’s medical history, and the results of diagnostic tests and procedures
Define a nursing diagnosis
a diagnostic label that classifies an individual’s, family’s, or community’s response to illness so that all nurses understand a specific patient’s health care needs.
What is NANDA-I (6)
- Provide a precise definition of a patient’s human responses to health problems and life processes.
- Develop, refine, and disseminate evidence-based terminology representing clinical judgments by professional nurses.
- Allow nurses to communicate (e.g., verbally and in writing) what to do among themselves and with other health care professionals and the public.
- Foster the development of nursing knowledge through research.
- Contribute to the development of informatics and information standards.
- Document care for reimbursement of nursing services.
Define a health promotion nursing diagnoses
positive diagnoses, identifies the desire or motivation to improve health status through a positive behavioral change
Writing diff. Nursing Diagnosis
Problem-focused
Risk
Health promotion
Problem-focused nursing diagnostic statements with three parts: a diagnosis label, related factors, and major defining characteristics
Risk nursing diagnoses have two segments: a diagnosis and the associated risk factors preceded by the phrase as evidenced by
Health promotion nursing diagnoses also are written with only two sections: the diagnosis label and defining characteristics or assessment findings.
What are related factors and how do they relate to the nursing diagnosis?
Related factors are etiologies, circumstances, facts, or influences that have a relationship with the nursing diagnosis
List Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and how they relate to priorities of planning:
Physiological: Immediate (high) priority, ABCs, the pt will die if not cared for
Safety: Intermediate priority, not life threatening (eg: risk of falling or risk of infection)
Love, Esteem, Self-actualization: Low priority, psychological, psychosocial, focus on a patient’s long-term health care needs.
What is Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) used for? (3)
- NOC links outcomes to NANDA (the nursing diagnosis). -NOC can be used in selecting goals and outcomes for patients.
- NOC facilitates the evaluation of the effects of nursing interventions over time and across a variety of health care settings.
How does the nurse properly write goals and outcome statements?
SMART Specific Measurable Attainable Realistic Time bound
What are critical pathways and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols used for?
How are they used?
-To reduce variations in clinical practice, standardize evidence-based care, reduce patient length of stay, and improve patient outcomes
ERAS will set time frames for when patients are to progress with mobility, advance diets, receive specific types of medications, and have therapies (such as IV infusion, Foley catheterization) discontinued
