Critical thinking Flashcards
problem solving
obtain info & use it with what we already know
clinical decision making
identify problem; choose nsg intervention; meet mutually established goals of care
decision making
an end point of critical thinking that leads to problem resolution
diagnostic reasoning
determines pt status after nurse assigns meaning to the behaviors, physical signs, and symptoms presented
scientific method
approach to seeking the truth & verifying a set of facts
inference
drawing conclusions from related pieces of evidence
reflection
The process of purposefully thinking back or recalling a situation
intuition
An inner sensing that something is so; Acts as a trigger; Develops as one’s experience increases; Cannot safely act on intuition alone; Not an automatic truth
Symptoms Heat exhaustion
Cool, moist, pale or red skin;
Headache, nausea, dizziness,
Weakness, exhaustion, mild confusion
Normal or slightly elevated body temperature
Treatment heat exhaustion
Move to cool spot to reduce exposure to sun;
Give sips of cool water;
Sponge body with water and/or fan to lower body temperature
Symptom heat stroke
High body temperature; hot, red, dry skin;
Irritable, bizarre behavior; progressive loss of consciousness;
Rapid, weak pulse becoming irregular; rapid shallow breathing
Treatment heat stroke
Cool patient any way possible. Most effective cooling/heating points: Neck, axillary and groin. Be ready to give rescue breathing or CPR Call EMS (911) immediately if change in level of consciousness is noted
burns degrees
1st degree burn appears red; Superficial
2nd degree burn is red with blisters; Partial Thickness
3rd degree burn has charred/blackened appearance; full thickness burn
Treatment 1st degree:
Rinse gently with soap and water; keep clean, cool, & moist
Treatment 2nd and 3rd degree:
Never cool with water; care for shock and call EMS (911)
Don’t try to clean; never apply ice;
Don’t break blisters;
Don’t touch burn with anything but sterile/clean
Don’t use absorbent cotton; don’t remove pieces of cloth stuck to burnt area; use only dry sterile dressings
Don’t use any grease or ointment on severe burns
Symptoms shock
Pale, cold, clammy skin;
Anxiety, confusion; unconsciousness;
Weak, rapid pulse
Often present with other injury or condition
Shock is a serious condition that can be fatal
Treatment shock
Maintain body temperature – cover body over and under with dry blanket or coat
Encourage rest; have patient lie down (supine)
CT: risk taking
if knowledge causes you to questionPCP order do so. Offer alternative approach when colleague is having difficulty with pt.
CT: confidence
learn how to introduce yourself to pt. speak with conviction, dont lead pt to think you dont know what you are doing, be prepared, encourage pt questions.
CT: thinking independently
read nursing literature, get different views on subject, talk with other nurses.
CT: fairness
listen to both sides of discussion, ex. family complain about co-worker. or co-woker c/o pt.
CT: responsibility and authority
ask for help, refer to policy and procedure, report problems immediately, follow standars of practice
CT: discipline
be thorough in what I do, use scientific and practice base criteria for assessmant and evaluation, manage time
CT: perseverence
be cautious of easy answer. if co-worker gives info on pt and some facts seem to be missing, clarify info, talk to pt directly. if same problems continues with co-worker try and resolve this with co-worker
CT: creativity
look for different approaches if interventions are not working with pt. ex, if pt in pain, he may need different position, involve family when appropiate for home care
CT: curiosity
always ask why, explore and learn about the pt, so that appropiate clinical judgement is made
CT: integrity
recognize when your opinions conflict with those of pt, review your position and proceed to reach outcomes that satifies everyone. dont comprimise nursing standards or honesty in delivering nursing care.
CT: humility
recognize when you need more info to make decision, ask for orientation to floor, ask nurses assigned to floor for assistance.
Cognitive
discussion (one-on-one or group), lecture, question-and-answer session, role play, discovery, independent project, field experience
Affective
role play, discussion (one-on-one or group)
Psychomotor
demonstration, practice, return demonstration, independent projects, games
