Critical Thinking

Question 0

A schema for identifying steps of an argument

Answer 0

Standard form

Question 1

A discussion in which reasons are advanced in favour of a proposal.
A set of reasons/evidence or premises that are given in support of a conclusion.

Answer 1

An argument

Question 2

Reasons of an argument

Answer 2

Premises

Question 3

The outcome of an argument

Answer 3

Conclusion

Question 4

A conclusion that functions as a premise for a further conclusion

Answer 4

A sub conclusion

Question 5

A line of argument where the truth of the premises guarantees the truth of the conclusion

Answer 5

Deductive argument

Question 6

An argument that draws its conclusion about one thing by its likeness to another thing

Answer 6

Argument by analogy

These are dangerous because they are highly persuasive even when incorrect.

Question 7

When the premises imply the conclusion such that if the premises are true the conclusion has to be true.

Answer 7

Validity of argument

Question 8

A deductive argument incorrectly formed

Answer 8

Invalid argument

Question 9

Line of argument that produces only a probable conclusion.

The truth of the premises does not guarantee the truth of the conclusion

Answer 9

Inductive argument

Question 10

While validity is an ____ judgement, soundness is a ____ judgement.

Answer 10

Objective, subjective.

Question 11

When 1. The argument is valid and 2. The premises are true.

Answer 11

Soundness

Question 12

A Statement that asserts a relationship between two categories

Answer 12

Categorical statement

Question 13

Composed of categorical statements

Answer 13

Categorical syllogisms

Question 14

Every categorical statement has two parts. A ____ and a ____.

Answer 14

Subject, predicate

Question 15

Three step transitive argument

Answer 15

Syllogism

Question 16

An argument has three basic components, these are

Answer 16

Premises
inference words
conclusion

Question 17

A conditional statement is a statement of the form if… Then…
The if part is the ____
The then part is the ____

Answer 17

Antecedent / Consequent

Question 18

The phrase that affirms or denies something about the subject

Answer 18

Predicate

Question 19

Tells how the world should be

Answer 19

Prescriptive statement

Question 20

Tells how things will be

Answer 20

Predictive statement

Question 21

Words that represent a certain kind of relationship between premises and conclusions

Answer 21

Inference indicators

Question 22

Syllogistic errors or any mistake in reasoning

Answer 22

Fallacy

Question 23

Tells how the world is

Answer 23

Descriptive statement