Critical Care

Question 1

sodium requirements

Answer 1

1-2mmol/kg/day

Question 2

potassium requirements

Answer 2

0.5-1mmol/kg/day

Question 3

Fluid requirements

Answer 3

25-30ml/kg/day

Question 4

Glucose requirements

Answer 4

50-100g/day

Question 5

What is the most sensitive indicator of severe illness

Answer 5

Abnormal respiratory rate

Question 6

Who often requires ventilatory support

Answer 6

Severe pneumonia CAP/HAP
PE
CCF
Life threatening bronchospasm
SIRS

Question 7

Fluid challenge -

Answer 7

Give the patient volume of fluid and see whether the HR and BP changes

Question 8

State the normal limit on fluid resuscitation

Answer 8

30ml/kg

Question 9

State the MAP that should be aimed for

Answer 9

65mmHg

Question 10

Inotropes

Answer 10

Increase the contractiitu of the heart (B1 agonists)

Question 11

Vassopressors

Answer 11

Cause venous constriction

Question 12

Crystalloid

Answer 12

Small molecules, 0.9% saline, 5% dextrose, Hartmanns solution

Question 13

Colloid

Answer 13

Large molecules, common blood (if bleeding) and albumin

Question 14

Normal Urine output

Answer 14

0.5ml/kg/hour

Question 15

Renal support

Answer 15

Continuous veno-venous haemofiltration

Question 16

How can the brain be supported

Answer 16

Management of physiological parameters, PCO2, PO2, MAP, Glc, Temp
Osmotherapy, mannitol, hypertonic saline
Therapeutic hypothermia
Burst suppression of cerebral activity

Question 17

How can the cardiovascular system be supported in critical care

Answer 17

Invasive monitoring with appropriate fluid resuscitation
Inotropic or vasoactive support
Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation
Extracorporeal support e.g. AV ECMO, VAD