Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y3 Anaesthetics > Critical Care > Flashcards

Critical Care Flashcards

1
Q

how many levels of critical care is there?

A

4 levels

0-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what levels of critical care require intensive care?

A

2 or 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how much does critical care most per day?

A

£1500

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what respiratory support is available in critical care?

A

sophisticated NIV (non-invasive ventilation)

invasive ventilation

advanced respiratory support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what pressure system is used in non-invasive ventilation?

A

CPAP - continuous positive airway pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the two types of non-invasive ventilation?

A

CPAP

Assisted spontaneous ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how does assisted spontaneous ventilation work ?

A

augmentation of intrinsic respiratory, improves minute volume and increases CO2 clearance
- preventing acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what tubes are used in invasive ventilation in critical care?

A

endotracheal tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

can invasive ventilation provide high pressures of ventilation?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the difference between maintaining or protecting the airway?

A

maintaining = keeping patent and open

protecting = protects the trachea from contamination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

does invasive ventilation require the patient to be conscious?

A

no

- no intrinsic effort required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does HFOV stand for?

A

High frequency oscillatory ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does ECMO stand for?

A

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is ECMO?

A

is a temporary mechanical support system used to aid heart and lung function in patients with severe respiratory or cardiac failure. Developed as an offshoot of cardiopulmonary bypass and the membrane oxygenator, ECMO can be used in patients of all ages

bypasses the cardiopulmonary system, blood is transported from vena cava to brachiocephalic arteries after being oxygenated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

give some examples of conditions where someone would require ventilatory support?

A

severe pneumonia
PE
life threatening bronchospasm
SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what cardiovascular support s required in critical care?

A

invasive monitoring with fluid resuscitation

intra-aortic balloon counter pulsation
- increases coronary blood flow and therefore myocardial perfusion and increases CO

extracorporeal support (VA ECMO)

17
Q

what are the different types of shock?

A 
hypovoleamic (low volume)
septic 
cardiogenic (pump failure)
anaphylactic 
neurogenic 
obstructive 
- such as tension pneumothorax
18
Q

what is a tension pneumothorax?

A

hole in chest wall which creates a valve which increases air pressure in the pleural cavity on inspiration

19
Q

what renal support is available in critical care?

A

CVVHDF

- Continuous veno-venous haemofiltration

20
Q

is renal support usually required in critical care form primary or secondary causes?

A

secondary causes

- such as sepsis or shock

21
Q

what is MARS for hepatic support?

A

molecular absorbents recirculating systems

22
Q

what is MARS?

A

based on the selective removal of albumin bound molecules and toxins from the blood in patients with acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure

23
Q

what is the best option for hepatic support?

A

transplantation

24
Q

how is intra cranial pressure measured in critical care?

A

bolts

continuous EEG

25
Q

how is increased ICP treated?

A

PCO2, PO2, MAP

osomotherapy - mannitol, hypertonic saline

therapeutic hypothermia

26
Q

state some causes that patients may require neurological support?

A

trauma
spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage
status epileptics
meningitis

27
Q

who should go to ICU?

A

patients with reversible organ dysfunction
patients who are beyond capabilities of other levels of care
those who will survive

28
Q

what is key for ensuring patients don’t decline quickly?

A

identification and early treatment

Y3 Anaesthetics (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions