Criminology Exam 3

Question 1

_____ criminology consists of a variety of perspectives that challenge basic assumptions of mainstream criminology.
A. Postmodern
B. Marxist
C. Critical
D. Radical

Answer 1

C. Critical

Question 2

Critical criminologists believe that they are champions of the underdog challenging the status quo.
A. True
B. False

Answer 2

A. True

Question 2

Labeling theory says that people are deviant because they have been labeled as such by _____.
A. Their actions
B. Subcultures
C. Social control agencies
D. Deviant peers

Answer 2

C. Social control agencies

Question 2

What did Adler believe would lead to an increase in female criminality?
A. Socially disorganized neighborhoods
B. Violence against women
C. Overemphasis on material goods
D. More women working outside the home

Answer 2

D. More women working outside the home

Question 2

Lemert states that primary deviance is identifying as deviant and secondary deviance is a criminal act.
A. True
B. False

Answer 2

B. False

Question 2

Major developments in queer criminology began in the 20th century.
A. True
B. False

Answer 2

B. False

Question 3

Reiman believed that acts that are not treated as crimes pose at least as great a danger to the public as those that have been criminalized.
A. True
B. False

Answer 3

A. True

Question 3

According to Turk, ____ lead(s) to conflict.
A. Disorganization
B. Divergence
C. Labels
D. Broken bonds

Answer 3

B. Divergence

Question 4

Left realism is a theoretical attempt to translate radical ideas into realistic _____.
A. Social policies
B. Sentencing guideliens
C. Criminal justice outcomes
D. Rehabilitatin programs

Answer 4

A. Social policies

Question 5

Quinney believed that crime is caused by suffering.
A. True
B. False

Answer 5

A. True

Question 6

What do radical Marxist criminologists believe will be needed to end crime?
A. Changes to social policy
B. Legitimate opportunities
C. Better living conditions
D. Violent revolution

Answer 6

D. Violent revoltuion

Question 7

Conflict criminology is another name for Marxist criminology.
A. True
B. False

Answer 7

B. False

Question 8

A primary criticism of most theories that have been discussed is their tendency to associate crime with a _____.
A. Male perspective
B. Single cause
C. Certain group
D. Natural explanation

Answer 8

B. Single cause

Question 9

Including elements from too many different theories means that integrated theories cannot contribute to policy decisions.
A. True
B. False

Answer 9

B. False

Question 10

One limitation of many discussions of crime and of theories of crime causation is the ____ manner is which the concept of crime is employed.
A. Capitalistic
B. Inconsistent
C. Reactive
D. Global

Answer 10

D. Global

Question 11

Thinking of crimes as diseases, it is not logical to think all crimes have the same causes.
A. True
B. False

Answer 11

A. True

Question 12

A good criminological theory should be able to explain all types of crime.
A. True
B. False

Answer 12

B. False

Question 13

The types of crimes that a theory is expected to cover is its _____.
A. Theoretical range
B. Applied perspective
C. Generalizability
D. Relative scope

Answer 13

A. Theoretical range

Question 14

Critical criminologists argue that more attention needs to be given to white-collar crime.
A. True
B. False

Answer 14

A. True