Criminology Exam 2 Flashcards
Households in the highest income bracket are the most likely to experience property victimization.
A. True
B. False
B. False - Lower income
In 2019, white persons were ____ likely than/as Black persons to experience victimization.
A. Less
B. More
C. twice as
D. Equally
D. Equally
According to the 2019 NCVS, ____ was the most common violent crime.
A. Murder
B. Robbery
C. Aggravated assault
D. Simple assault
D. Simple assault
Both men and women are more likely to be victimized by a man than a woman.
A. True
B. False
A. True
People who are victimized can experience indirect costs, such as time missed from work, as a consequence of victimization.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Approximately how many victims of property crime experience economic losses?
A. Very few
B. Less than half
C. Almost all
D. Around 75%
C. Almost all
Men have higher levels of fear of violent crime than women because men are more likely to be victimized than women.
A. True
B. False
B. False
_____ is a psychiatric condition where a person experiences intrusive symptoms, such as flashbacks.
A. Posttraumatic stress disorder
B. Acute reactive disorder
C. Borderline personality disorder
D. Dissociative personality disorder
A. Posttraumatic stress disorder
It was first recognized in the late 1800s that people _____ respond to trauma, including victimization.
A. Differently
B. Predictably
C. Inconsistently
D. Uniformly
A. Differently
Victim ____ is defined as the extent to which a victim is responsible for their own victimization.
A. Precipitation
B. Provocation
C. Blaming
D. Facilitation
A. Precipitation
According to Hindelang, Gottfredson, and Garofalo, certain ____ put people in situations where victimization is more likely to occur.
A. Policies
B. Compulsions
C. Lifestyles
D. Natural events
C. Lifestyles
Sampson found that structural density, as measured by the percentage of units in structures of five or more units, is ____ related to victimization.
A. Positively
B. Nominally
C. Negatively
D. Casually
A. Positively
According to Stephen Schafer, people have a responsibility for proactively preventing their own victimization.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Crime and victimization are generally evenly distributed across a city.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Victim impact statements (VIS) are limited to direct victims of violent crimes to ensure the court runs efficiently.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Family justice centers are designed to provide many services in a _____ because of the wide variety of services needed by victims.
A. One stop shop
B. Soup to nuts
C. Frequent flyer program
D. Magic bullet
A. One stop shop
Most victims offered an opportunity to participate in victim-offender mediation decline to do so.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Victim ____ programs allow people who are victimized to recover some of the costs of victimization not covered by insurance.
A. Equalization
B. Restoration
C. Compensation
D. Payback
C. Compensation
The majority of research on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on victimization has focused on _____.
A. Rape and sexual assault
B. Residential burglary
C. Cybercrime
D. Intimate partner violence
D. Intimate partner violence (IPV)
Criminological theory is often used to justify or excuse criminal behavior.
A. True
B. False
B. False
One reason that criminologists take the time to study theories of crime is to better inform crime _______.
A. Displacement
B. Distribution
C. Policy
D. Precipitation
C. Policy
In the Middle Ages, people relied on ____ to determine whether someone was guilty or innocent in a trial by battle.
A. Priests
B. Judges
C. Gladiators
D. God
D. God
Theological explanations for crime continue to exist in the modern day.
A. True
B. False
A. True
In the 18th century, people believed that felonies were _____, manifestations of the evil human nature.
A. High crimes
B. Deviant behaviors
C. Mortal sins
D. Expected outcomes
C. Mortal sins