Criminal Process

Question 1

Criminal Law

Answer 1

Derecho Penal

Question 2

Prosecution

Answer 2

1) Imputación

2) Fiscalía o Fiscal

Question 3

U.S Attorney’s District

Attorney State’s prosecutor

State Attorney’s Office

Answer 3

Fiscal

Fiscalía

Question 4

County Attorney’s Office

Answer 4

Procuraduría

Question 5

Warrant

Answer 5

Mandato u orden Judicial (telling an officer to do something)

Question 6

Seizure Warrant

Answer 6

Orden de decomiso

Incautación

Question 7

Search Warrant

Answer 7

Orden de cateo/de registro o de allanamiento

Question 8

Arrest Warrant

Answer 8

Orden de arresto

Question 9

Initial Appearance
(At an initial appearance, the judge is responsible for verifying the accuracy of the defendant's identity. During the appearance, the defendant must confirm he is the person listed in the formal complaint.In some cases, the court schedules the arraignment immediately following the initial appearance.)

Answer 9

Presentación del imputado

Comparecencia inicial del imputado

Question 10

Misdemeanor

Answer 10

Delito menor (hasta un año de cárcel nada más)

Question 11

Felony

Answer 11

Delito grave (más de un año de cárcel o pena de muerte)

Question 12

Bail

Answer 12

Fianza

Question 13

Bail bond

Answer 13

Bono de fianza

Question 14

Bail bondsman

Answer 14

Fiador de fianzas

Question 15

Bail exoneration

Answer 15

Exoneración de fianza

Question 16

Bail forfeiture

Answer 16

Caducidad de la fianza

Question 17

Bail Notice

Answer 17

Notificación de la fianza (dada por la Corte explicando que si no se paga se emitirá un arrest warrant)

Question 18

Bail receipt

Answer 18

Recibo de pago de la fianza

Question 19

Bail review

Answer 19

Revisión de la fianza (en una audiencia)

Question 20

Bailments

Answer 20

Depósitos de bienes para garantizar cumplimiento de unos servicios

Question 21

Personal recognizance

Answer 21

Régimen de presentación del imputado ante el tribunal

Question 22

Release on Own Recognizance (ROR)

Answer 22

Libertad bajo palabra

Question 23

Counsel

Answer 23

Attorney

Question 24

Assigned Counsel/Appointed Attorney/Panel Attorney

Answer 24

Abogado designado por la Corte
(Is a private attorney who works in private practice and gets paid on a case by case basis.)
(The State can’t legally prosecute indigents unless it provides them with an attorney. To satisfy this requirement, many States have set up public defender offices. On those States which those offices have not been set up, Court-appointed attorneys will handle the criminal cases for indigents)

Question 25

Defense Counsel

Answer 25

Abogado de la defensa (demandado o imputado)

Question 26

Opposing Counsel

Answer 26

Abogado opositor

Question 27

Public Defender

Answer 27

Defensor Público

Question 28

Indigent (in law)

Answer 28

Demandado insolvente/sin recursos (One without sufficient income to afford a lawyer for defense in a criminal case. If the court finds a person is an indigent, the court must appoint a public defender or other attorney to represent him/her)

Question 29

Nolle Prosequi

Answer 29

Abandono de proceso | Decisión de la Fiscalía de no proceder en una acusación por un delito. Se traduce como: "no elijo procesar"

Question 30

Plead | Ex. Plead guilt

Answer 30

Declararse (el imputado) | Ej. Declararse culpable

Question 31

Plea

Answer 31

Declaración del acusado (cómo culpable o no)

Question 32

Plea Bargain

Answer 32

Declaración negociada | Negociación para declararse culpable por ej. Para que el Fiscal le impute una pena menos grave

Question 33

``` Nolo Contendere (a plea by which a defendant in a criminal prosecution accepts conviction as though a guilty plea had been entered but does not admit guilt) ```

Answer 33

Latín para "No deseo refutar" o "I do not wish to contend", No oponerse a los cargos; del latín "no quiero oponerme". ...declarándose así culpable pero con la excepción de que esa declaración no podrá ser usada en su contra en un juicio civil.

Question 34

Preliminary Hearing

Answer 34

Audiencia preliminar

Question 35

Probable cause

Answer 35

Causa probable

Question 36

Grand Jury

Answer 36

Jurado de acusación/gran jurado

Question 37

Indictment

Answer 37

Acusación del Jurado

Question 38

Arraignment | Initial hearing where the defendant must enter in a plea of "guilty," "not guilty," or "no contest."

Answer 38

Audiencia de lectura de cargos o de la acusación | Y en esta el imputado presenta su plead

Question 39

Beyond reasonable doubt

Answer 39

Más allá de una duda razonable

Question 40

Acquit

Answer 40

Absolver

Question 41

Acquittal

Answer 41

Absolución

Question 42

Double jeopardy

Answer 42

Doble enjuiciamiento (o en Derecho, principio de excepción de la cosa juzgada/principio de prohibición de doble enjuiciamiento) (Prohibición de ser enjuiciado más de una vez)