Criminal Law - Non Fatal Offences Against The Person Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is actual bodily harm?

A

Offence against the person act 1861
S47 - assault occasioning actual bodily harm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is meant by assault (ABH)?

A

The actus reus of assault or battery resulting in ABH
DPP v Taylor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is meant by occasioing (ABH)?

A

Need
Factual causation (R v White)
Legal causation (R v Smith) - operant and substantial with no intervening acts, need not be the only cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is meant by ABH?

A

R v Donovan - any hurt or injury calculated to interfere with the health or comfort of the victim
Need not be permenant - T v DPP
More than merely transient and trifling
Mind or body (psychological in R v Chan Fook)
DPP v Smith - can be cutting hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the mens rea for ABH?

A

Intention or recklessness to cause the assault or battery
Need not foresee harm - R v Roberts and confirmed in R v Savage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is assault?

A

S39 Coroners and Justice Act 1988 - anything the victim does to apprehend the immediate unlawful force/violence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is meant by apprehend (assault)?

A

General awareness of violence - Smith v CS Woking Police

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is meant by immediate (assault)?

A

Within a reasonable period of time - smith v CS of Woking police

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is meant by force/violence (assault)?

A

Doesn’t need to be physical violence - R v Ireland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can count as assault?

A

Words
Silent phone calls - R v Constanza
Racist letters - DPP v Ramos
Spitting - R v Misalati

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the mens rea of assault?

A

Intention or recklessness to cause the actus reus
R v Mohan
R v Cunningham

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Can assault be conditional?

A

No, if there is a condition it cannot be assault (R v Tuberville and Savage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is battery?

A

The application of unlawful force
Can be any touch as long as it goes beyond the norms of everyday conduct
R v Thomas (touching a skirt)
Collins v Wilcock (police officer and prostitute)
Wood v DPP
Pegram v DPP
R v Fagan (continuing act)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Can battery be indirect?

A

Yes, DPP v K (acid in a hand-dryer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Can battery be an omission?

A

Yes - DPP v Santa-Bermudez

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the mens rea of battery?

A

Intention or subjective recklessness to cause unlawful force

17
Q

What is grievous bodily harm (S20)?

A

S20 Offence Against The Person Act - wounded or inflicted GBH intending some injury to be caused or being reckless as to whether some injury is caused

18
Q

What is meant by wounding (GBH)?

A

A break to the continuity of the whole skin (JCC v Eisenhower) (Moriarty v Brookes)

19
Q

What is meant by inflicted (GBH)?

A

To cause

20
Q

Some injury (GBH)?

A

R v Savage

21
Q

What is meant by GBH?

A

Really serious harm (DPP v Smith)
Need not be permenant or life threatening
Brief unconsciousness can count - R v Hicks
Inflicting a severe disease - R v Dicks
Can be psychiatric if clinically severe - R v Burstow

22
Q

What is meant by reckless (GBH)?

A

Maliciously (unclear meaning - area for reform)
R v Cunningham

23
Q

What is grievous bodily harm S18?

A

S18 offence against the person act - intention to cause really serious harm
R v Woollin
Intention to wound is insufficient for mens rea
R v Taylor

If you resist or prevent arrest there need only be recklessness as to causing a wound or injury