Criminal Courts And Investigation and Arrests

Question 1

The lowest level in the hierarchy of Canadian courts

Answer 1

Provincial court

Question 2

The highest criminal and civil court, consisting of a trial division and an appeal division

Answer 2

Superior court of province

Question 3

The highest appeals court in Canada; also deals with constitutional questions referred to it by the federal government

Answer 3

Supreme Court of Canada

Question 4

Legally depriving someone of liberty by seizing or touching the person to indicate that he or she is in custody

Answer 4

Arrest

Question 5

A mini-trial in which jurors are excluded while the admissibility of evidence is discussed

Answer 5

Voir dire

Question 6

The judge’s explanation to the jurors of how the law applies to the case before them

Answer 6

Charge to Jury

Question 7

Knowingly making false statements in court while giving evidence under oath or affirmation

Answer 7

Perjury

Question 8

A court order requiring the witness to appear in court on a certain date to give evidence

Answer 8

Subpoena

Question 9

Any object, impression, or body element that can be used to prove or disprove facts

Answer 9

Physical Evidence

Question 10

Testimony given by a witness to prove an alleged fact

Answer 10

Direct Evidence

Question 11

Evidence given by a witness based on information received from someone else rather than personal knowledge

Answer 11

Hearsay Evidence

Question 12

Indirect evidence that leads to a reasonable inference of the defendant’s guilt

Answer 12

Circumstantial evidence

Question 13

The general attributes of an object

Answer 13

Class characteristics

Question 14

The specific and unique features of an object

Answer 14

Individual characteristics

Question 15

The site where an offence took place

Answer 15

Crime scene

Question 16

A legal document, usually issued for less serious offences, compelling a person to appear in court

Answer 16

Appearance notice

Question 17

The Crown’s obligation to prove guilt of accused beyond reasonable doubt

Answer 17

Burden of Proof

Question 18

Witnessed, written record of people who maintained unbroken control over evidence

Answer 18

Chain of Custody

Question 19

The first stage of a criminal trial where the defendant enters a plea to the charge

Answer 19

Arraignment

Question 20

Area surrounding the centre of a crime scene

Answer 20

The Perimeter

Question 21

Application to a higher court to review decision made by a lower court

Answer 21

Appeal

Question 22

An arrest warrant issued by a judge when accused person fails to appear in court

Answer 22

A Bench warrant

Question 23

Arrest without a warrant by anyone other than a peace officer

Answer 23

Citizen’s Arrest

Question 24

Legally depriving a person of liberty with the purpose of asking questions, with or without physical restraint

Answer 24

Detention

Question 25

The temporary release of an accused person who posts money or some other security

Answer 25

Bail

Question 26

Patterns or marks on surfaces made by various objects

Answer 26

Impressions

Question 27

To contradict evidence by opposite side

Answer 27

Rebuttal

Question 28

Information that would lead a reasonable person to conclude the suspect has committed a criminal offence

Answer 28

Reasonable grounds

Question 29

Which 3 provinces have Provincial police?

Answer 29

Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador

Question 30

The 4 types of police officers

Answer 30

The Patrol Officer, the scenes of crime officer, the criminal Identification officer, the criminal investigations bureau officer( the detective)

Question 31

The 4 steps an officer must follow when making an arrest

Answer 31

1. Identify themselves as a police officer 2. Tell accused they are under arrest 3. Inform accused promptly of the charge, show arrest warrant if necessary 4. Touch the accused to show they are in legal custody

Question 32

2 things the courts/police may require to guarantee the accused will show in court

Answer 32

A Recognizance arrest and a Promise to Appear

Question 33

4 types of evidence that can be show in court

Answer 33

Physical, direct, character, circumstantial, and video surveillance

Question 34

Name personnel in the court

Answer 34

Judge, Crown, defence, Jury, accused, witnesses, court clerk, court reporter, sheriff, observers

Question 35

What is the role of the jury?

Answer 35

To listen to the trial, examine evidence, and decide whether accused is guilty beyond reasonable doubt

Question 36

What is the purpose of a preliminary hearing?

Answer 36

To decide whether or not there is enough evidence to justify a trial

Question 37

Why is it important that a judge in a trial give a proper charge to the jury?

Answer 37

Otherwise it can form the basis for an appeal

Question 38

What is forensic science and why is it important in a criminal trial?

Answer 38

Forensic science is the application of science to investigate a crime. It is important because it’s good for collecting evidence and can help determine the accused’s guilt or innocence

Question 39

What is DNA testing and why is it important in a criminal trial?

Answer 39

DNA testing is used to test bodily samples left behind. All DNA is unique so it can help place someone at the scene of the crime and prove their guilt or innocence

Question 40

What is the major difference between a person being searched and a place being searched?

Answer 40

You need a search warrant to search a house.

Question 41

What types of circumstances will justify a reverse onus?

Answer 41

A murder charge, committing an indictable offence while on bail, drug related trafficking

Question 42

What are the 2 principles of fundamental justice in Canada’s criminal justice system

Answer 42

Presumption of innocence and guilt proven beyond reasonable doubt

Question 43

A legal document issued for an indictable offence, ordering the accused to appear in court

Answer 43

A Summons