Criminal Behaviour Flashcards
What does an action need to consist of for it to be considered a crime
actus reus - A guilty act (the act of committing a crime).
mens rea - an element of criminal responsibility, a guilty mind (they have acted with bad intentions)
In some cases mens rea is not needed (for example health and safety laws or an assault on the
grounds of self defence).
How do the Police view law enforcement
Not all criminal laws are enforced; some come low on the list of priorities for police.
For example, white collar crimes are
often complex, costly and time-consuming to investigate and
prosecute.
And the police may feel enforcing laws against possession of soft drugs is both unpopular and a waste of time.
What are the Two main types of offences in the UK
Summary offences are less serious offences, such as speeding. They are tried by magistrates.
Indictable offences are more serious offences, such as rape or murder. They are tried in a Crown Court before a judge and jury. The sentences that can be imposed are
more severe.
Examples of informal sanctions
Frowning upon behaviour
Name calling
Ignoring
Labelling
Laughing at the action/shaming
Refusal to speak to someone
Slap on the wrist
Examples of Formal sanctions
Court sanctions - Custodial sentences: imprisonment, or detention in a young offender’s institution.
Court Sanctions - Community sentences: served in the community rather than in jail, involve doing unpaid work in the community
Fines - a financial penalty depending on the seriousness of the crime
Discharge - involves the offender
committing no further offence for a given period. If they commit an offence during this period, the court can impose a sentence for the original offence as well as the new one. The court may grant an unconditional or absolute discharge where the defendant is technically guilty but where punishment would
be inappropriate. It is not classed as a conviction.
Police Sactions
