Crimes Against National Security

Question 1

What is Treason?

Answer 1

It is the breach of ALLEGIANCE to the government, COMMITTED by a person who owes allegiance to it.

Question 2

What are the KINDS of Allegiance?

Answer 2

1. Permanent - The unending allegiance owed by citizens or subjects to their states.
2. Temporary - It is the summary allegiance owed by a resident alien to a state during his/her period of residence in such state.

Question 3

What are the ways in committing Treason?

Answer 3

1. By levying war against the Philippines.

2. By adhering to her enemies, giving them aid or comfort.

Question 4

How may convictions be obtained in a prosecution for treason?

Answer 4

1. On the testimony of TWO witnesses at least to the same overt act.
2. Confession of the accused in open court.

Question 5

What are the TWO ways of committing ESPIONAGE?

Answer 5

1. Entering a WARSHIP or Military Establishment to obtain INFORMATION or Other Data of a confidential nature relative to the DEFENSE of the Philippines.
2. Being in POSSESSION, by reason of Public Office one holds, of DATA or INFORMATION relative to the DEFENSE of the PHILIPPINES and discloses their contents to a representative of a Foreign Nation.

Question 6

What is Piracy and how is it committed?

Answer 6

It is the attack or seizure of a vessel, seizing the whole or part of the cargo, its equipment, or personal belongings of its complement or passengers, by any person or non-member of its complement or a passengers, on the HIGH SEAS or in Philippine waters.

Question 7

When is Piracy QUALIFIED?

Answer 7

1. The pirates SEIZE the vessel by boarding or firing upon the same.
2. The pirates ABANDON their victims without means of saving themselves.
3. The crime is accompanied by murder, homicide, physical injuries or rape.

Question 8

What is MUTINY?

Answer 8

It is the UNLAWFUL RESISTANCE to a superior officer OR the raising of commotion and disturbances on board a ship against the authority of the commander.