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History > Crime and Punishment > Flashcards

Crime and Punishment Flashcards

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1
Q

when was the gunpowder plot?

A

1605

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2
Q

When was the vagrancy act?

A

1494

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3
Q

When was Jonathan wild hung?

A

1725

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4
Q

When did transportation to America end?

A

1776

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5
Q

When were the first miniature police radios introduced?

A

1963

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6
Q

When was capital punishment for murder abolished?

A

1969

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7
Q

What changes were there to courts sentences in the 1970’s?

A

Probation, Community Service.

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8
Q

What was the prison population in 1998?

A

65,300 4* that of 1901

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9
Q

What and when was the military service act?

A

1916, punishment of conscientious objectors

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10
Q

When was the finger print department of New Scotland Yard set up?

A

1901

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11
Q

What was the rate of crime between 2006-2007?

A

declined by 10%

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12
Q

What was the prison population in 2008?

A

82,319

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13
Q

When was the end of public hanging?

A

1868

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14
Q

When were the first convicts transported to Australia?

A

1787

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15
Q

When was the period of large scale smuggling over?

A

mid 19th century.

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16
Q

When was the DNA national database library set up?

A

1995

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17
Q

When was the first murderer convicted using DNA evidence?

A

1988

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18
Q

When and what was the Gaols act (2)?

A

1823, used to reform prisons

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19
Q

When was Peel’s metropolitan police act?

A

1829

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20
Q

When was the first modern prison set up?

A

1842 at Pentonville

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21
Q

How many offences had the death penalty in 1815?

A

225

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22
Q

When and how many death penalties did Peel reduce for offences?

A

1823, reduced 100 offences

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23
Q

When were the last convicts transported to Australia

A

1868

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24
Q

When was Derek Bentley hanged?

A

1953

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25
Q

When were the first prisons built in which to keep beggars?

A

1576

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26
Q

When was the Act for the Repression of Vagrancy?

A

1597

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27
Q

When was the race relations act?

A

1968

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28
Q

In 1450, what was the punishment for stealing small amounts of money, goods or food?

A

Fine/Stocks or Pillory

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29
Q

In 1450, what was the punishment for selling goods at the wrong prices?

A

Fine

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30
Q

In 1450, what was the punishment for selling poor quality goods?

A

Fine/Stocks or Pillory

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31
Q

In 1450, what was the punishment for assault?

A

Stocks or Pillory/Whipping

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32
Q

In 1450, what was the punishment for taking God’s name in vain (Blasphemy)?

A

Branding

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33
Q

In 1450, what was the punishment for the theft of money or goods worth 2 days wages or more?

A

Hanging

34
Q

In 1450, what was the punishment for Arson?

A

Hanging

35
Q

In 1450, what was the punishment for Rape?

A

Hanging

36
Q

In 1450, what was the punishment for Murder?

A

Hanging

37
Q

In 1450, what was the punishment for Heresy (not following official beliefs of the Church)?

A

Burning at Stake

38
Q

In 1450, what was the punishment for treason?

A

Hanging, Drawing and Quatering

39
Q

In 1450, what crimes were punishable by death?

A 
Theft of money/goods worth 2 days wages or more
Arson
Rape
Murder
Heresy
Treason
40
Q

What did the Manor Courts deal with?

A

Petty Crimes, e.g. stealing small amounts of money or goods

41
Q

What did the Royal Courts deal with?

A

More serious crimes and could sentence people to the death penalty e.g. Murder

42
Q

What methods of law enforcement were there in 1450?

A

Tithings, Hue and Cry

43
Q

What did the Church Courts deal with?

A

Religious crimes, such as Blasphemy

44
Q

What factors were there affecting crime rates during the period 1450-1750?

A

Prices and unemployment were high

Taxes were increased during wars

45
Q

In what period was the Bloody Code active?

A

1688-1823

46
Q

What new punishments were introduced in the period 1450-1750?

A

Houses of Correction (first prisons for beggars), 1576

Transportation to USA begins, 1615

47
Q

What methods of policing were there in the period 1450-1750

A

Watchmen, were paid to patrol London
Unpaid Constables arrested beggars and petty criminals
Thief Takers were paid by the victim to catch the criminal

48
Q

When was the Game Act?

A

1671

49
Q

What impact did Industrialization and Urbanization have on crime in the period 1750-1900?

A 
Increase in crimes of
Street theft and burglary
Drunk and Disorderly behaviour
Prostitution (Including child prostitution :)
Rioting and Protests
50
Q

When was the Peterloo Massacre?

A

1819

51
Q

When were the Tolpuddle Martyrs deported?

A

1834

52
Q

During what period was smuggling at its height?

A

1740-1850

53
Q

When were the Bow Street Runners formed?

A

1749

54
Q

When were the Metropolitan Police formed?

A

1829, under the Metropolitan Police Act (Surprisingly)

55
Q

The work of John Howard contributed to what Act in 1774?

A

Gaol Act (1)

56
Q

When did Elizabeth Fry start visiting prisons?

A

1818

57
Q

The work of Elizabeth Fry and Robert Peel introduced what Act in 1823?

A

Gaol Act (2)

58
Q

In what year in the 20th Century did crime rates reach their height?

A

1992 and have been falling ever since.

59
Q

What new crimes were there in the 20th Century?

A

Computer Hacking
Racial Crime
Sex Discrimination
Traffic Crime

60
Q

When was the terrorist bomb attacks on London?

A

7th July 2005

61
Q

What changes in technology have affected Policing since 1900?

A 
Radios
DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid) Evidence 
CCTV
Computers
Cars,Motorbikes and Helicopters
Finger Printing
62
Q

What cases of injustice led to the end of Capital Punishment in 1969?

A

Timothy Evans, 1950
Derek Bentley, 1953
Ruth Ellis, 1955

63
Q

What new punishments have been introduced since 1900?

A

Community Service
ASBO’s
Electronic Tagging

64
Q

What event sparked the worst phase of Witch-Hunting Hysteria?

A

The English Civil War, 1642-1649

65
Q

When was the last execution in England for Witchcraft?

A

1685

66
Q

When were all Witchcraft laws abolished?

A

1736

67
Q

What were the reasons why Witchcraft became a serious crime?

A 
Attitudes of Authority
Religion
Economic Problems
War
Social Changes/Tension
Reputation
Changin attitudes
68
Q

Who was the Witch-Finder Generall?

A

Matthew Hopkins

69
Q

What were the reasons why Witchcraft stopped being a crime?

A

Economic and Social Changes
Less Superstition
Science

70
Q

How many men refused to fight in the First World War?

A

16,000

71
Q

How many men refused to fight in the Second World War?

A

59,000

72
Q

How many men were given total exemption in the First World War?

A

400

73
Q

How many men were given total exemption in the Second World War?

A

12,204

74
Q

How did attitudes to CO’s change from WW1 to WW2?

A

WW1-> Both Government and Society were harsh towards CO’s

WW2-> Government was nicer and set up tribunals, society was still as harsh

75
Q

Why wasn’t Domestic Violence a crime before 1976?

A 
Women were too scared to speak out
Domestic Violence was 'Invisible'
Laws were enforced by men
Laws were mad by men
The belief that law should not apply to private family life
76
Q

When was the Domestic Violence Act?

A

1976

77
Q

Regarding Domestic Violence, what law was passed in 1991 and what did it mean?

A

Rape within marriage became a criminal offence in England and Wales

78
Q

When and what was the Family Law Act?

A

1996, gave victims of Domestic Violence more protection

79
Q

When and what was the Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act?

A

2004, Male and Female victims given same rights and the power of the police and courts to act increased.

80
Q

What are the 4 R’s? (And the extra D)

A 
Retribution
Restitution 
Removal
Rehabilitation 
Deterrents
81
Q

When were the Silent and Separate system introduced?

A

Mid 19th Century

History (4 decks)

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