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Sociology > Crime And Deviance > Flashcards

Crime And Deviance Flashcards

1
Q

what is a crime

A

an illegal act which is punishable by the law

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2
Q

give 5 examples of a crime

A

murdering, drunk driving, drugs, human trafficking and battery

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3
Q

what is deviance

A

behaviour that does not conform to society’s rules and norms

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4
Q

why is deviance a social construct

A

deviance is defined by the social setting it takes place in and how people react to it. It is an idea created by society

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5
Q

what is situational deviance

A

where the act takes place/the context of the act

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6
Q

give an example of situational deviance

A

normal to be naked in the shower but deviant to be naked in public

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7
Q

what is historical deviance

A

at what time period the act took place

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8
Q

give an example of historical deviance

A

slavery was not deviant in the past but now is

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9
Q

what is cross-cultural deviance

A

the society/culture the act takes place in

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10
Q

give an example of cross-cultural deviance

A

it is acceptable for members of the public to carry guns (within limits) whereas in other countries it may not be

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11
Q

what are formal rules

A

rules written down in the form of law or codes of conduct

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12
Q

give an example of a formal rule

A

not texting whilst driving

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13
Q

what are informal rules

A

guidelines on how we are expected to behave in social settings

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14
Q

give an example of an informal rule

A

queueing in a supermarket

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15
Q

what is social control

A

infers to how rules are enforced

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16
Q

why is social control needed

A

so people can live and work together without chaos.

17
Q

what is formal social control

A

written rules and laws in order for the state to regulate and control people’s actions and behaviour

18
Q

what are the agents of formal social control

A

the police
the courts
the government

19
Q

3 points on how the police control our behaviour

A

enforce the law
give warnings
arrest people

20
Q

give one point on how the government controls our behaviour

A

they can make new laws and remove old laws

21
Q

give one point how the court can control our behaviour

A

decide whether or not you should be sentenced and the time of your sentencing

22
Q

what is informal social control

A

unwritten laws and sanctions enforced through social pressure

23
Q

what are the agents of informal social control

A

family
friends
media
school

24
Q

what is community policing

A

police making personal and direct links with the members of the local community

25
Q

how can community police be useful

A

it can be useful in communities with high number of ethnic minorities

26
Q

what is zero tolerance policing

A

police is stricter even on minor crimes

27
Q

how can zero tolerance policing be useful

A

can be useful in very dangerous neighbourhoods and make people feel safer

28
Q

what is the functionalist view towards the role of the police in society

A

police protects community
spreads awareness
help the most vulnerable

29
Q

what is the marxist view towards the role of the police in society

A

police contributes to a capitalist society
encourages obedience
won’t protect working class people
double standards
stricter on working class people
protect the elites
ignorant towards rich people crimes

30
Q

what is the criminal justice system

A

it is part of the government that controls our behaviour and makes decisions about justice

31
Q

what are the different parts of the cjs

A

police
crown prosecution service
magistrate’s court
crown courts

32
Q

what is the role of the police in the cjs

A

catching offenders

33
Q

what is the role of the crown prosecution service

A

evaluates data and evidence and decides whether a case goes to court

34
Q

what is the role of the magistrate’s court

A

deals with less serious crimes
can impose fines up to 5000
can send individuals to prison for up to 6 months

35
Q

what is the role of crown courts

A

deal with more serious crimes, controlled by a judge, assisted by 12 members of the public known as the jury. Able to send individuals to prison

36
Q

what are the functionalist views on the court

A

courts are positive part of society
keep individuals under control
protect society by dangerous individuals by sending them to prison or fining them
remind people of the boundaries
media supports them

37
Q

what are the marxists views on the court

A

courts favour the rich and powerful

Sociology (5 decks)

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