Cremants Flashcards
when was the term methods champenoise banned from vineyards outside of champagne?
1985
how many cremant regions in France?
8
what is the minimum maturation time for Cremant?
12 months, 9 on lees
what is the minimum atmospheres of pressure in Cremant wine?
4 atmospheres
what are the harvest regulations for Cremant?
must be hand harvested in whole bunches
what is the maximum abv for Cremant?
13%
what is the maximum press yield for Cremant?
100L per 150kg of grapes
what % of Alsace wine is cremant?
25%
how much has the area from Cremant grown by in Alsace since 2014?
15% (now 3,600ha)
where is Pinot Blanc usually grown in Alsace?
the lesser sites, often at lower elevation with fertile soils
what is a key region in Alsace for Pinot Blanc?
Munster Valley
What are the permitted cremant grapes in Alsace
Pinot Blanc, Auxerrois, Chardonnay, Riesling, Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir
what are the characteristics of Pinot Blanc in the vineyard?
early budding, early ripening. Prone to frost and fungal diseases
which Alsace appellation permits Chardonnay?
Cremant d’Alsace
what are the grapes of Cremant d’Alsace Rose and how is it made?
Pinot noir. Saignee (12-24 hours)
are Cremant d’alsace wines high or low yields?
high, as the wines need less concentration of flavour
what is the maximum yields for Cremant d’Alsace?
80hl/ha
Does Cremant d’Alsace use reserve wine?
not typically
what is the main type of producer for Cremant d’Alsace?
Co-op (43%)
Merchant (37%)
Indepentent (20%)
who is the largest producer of Cremant d’Alsace?
Maison Bestheim
Where is cremant d’alsace mostly drunk
domestic market (72%)
how many bottles were produced of Cremant d’aslace in 2020?
40 million
What are the requirements for Cremant d’Alsace Emotion?
75% Pinot Blanc, Chardonnay, and Pinot Noir.
24 months (min.) on lees
When was Cremant d’Alsace Emotion introduced?
2012
varieties for Cremant de Bourgogne?
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay
What departments are fruit sourced from for Cremant de Bourgogne?
Yonne (Chablis), Cote d’Or, Saone-et-Loire (Chalonnais, Maconnais), Rhone (Beaujolais)
who is the largest producer of Cremant de Bourgogne?
Veuve Ambal
what are the max. yields for Cremant de Bourgogne?
75h/ha
winemaking laws for Cremant de Bourgogne
30% Chardonnay/PN/PG/PB
20% Gamay max.
what is the producer spread for Cremant de Bourgogne?
68% Merchant
30% Coop
2% Independant
why is Cremant de Bourgogne dominated by Merchants?
the high investment cost of traditional method wine
what % of Cremant de Bourgogne goes to export?
40%
what are the major export markets for Cremant de Bourgogne?
USA, Sweden
what are the quality levels for Cremant de Bourgogne?
Cremant de Bourgogne
(standard)
Cremant de Bourgogne Eminent
(standard + 24m lees ageing)
Cremant de Bourgogne Grand Eminent
(36m lees ageing, PN/CHD)
what challenges do producers of Cremant de Bourgogne face?
- price of grapes (still wine sells for higher)
- price of setup
- environmental hazards cutting yields
how many sparkling wine appellations are there in the Loire Valley?
7
what are the main sparkling wine regions for the Loire Valley?
Cremant de Loire, Vouvray, Saumur
what % of wine from the Loire Valley is sparkling?
13%
where is fruit for Cremant de Loire grown?
Anjou-Saumur and Touraine
Soils for Cremant de Loire?
varied, all featuring good drainage and water retention.
schist + limestone in Anjou
Chalk in Touraine
clay-limestone, flint, clay, sand, gravel, tuffeau
how do producers navigate high lime content in the soils of Cremant de Loire?
with resistant rootstocks which protect the vines from chlorosis
name two rootstocks used for Cremant de Loire
Fercal
Riparia Gloire de Montpellier
what grapes are used for Cremant de Loire?
Chenin Blanc, Cab F., Cab S., Grolleau N. and G., Pineau d’Aunis, PN, Chard.
what is the max. harvest for Cremant de Loire?
74hL/ha
what are the grape blending laws for Cremant de Loire?
Max. 30% Cabernet Sauvignon and/or Pineau d’Aunis
when must producers of Cremant de Loire declare their intention to make this wine?
in July
Name a Cremant de Loire producer who uses oak
Bouvet-Ladubay’s ‘Cuvee Tresor’
where is Bouvet-Ladubay and who owns it?
Loire Valley. Owned by Tattinger since 1970’s
what is Cremant de Loire’s top quality designation?
Prestige de Loire
When was Prestige de Loire launched?
2018
what are the regulations for Prestige de Loire AOP
white only (Chenin, cab f, charm, PN)
24m lees ageing
vintage dated
brut
sustainable viticulture models
who produces 80% of Cremant de Loire?
the 9 large houses including Bouvet-Ladubey, Veuve Amiot, Langlois-Chateau, and Ackerman
what % of Cremant de Loire is exported?
50%
what are the main export markets for Cremant de Loire
Germany, USA, UK
what are the requirements for Saumur Mousseaux AOC
60% Chenin Blanc (min)
10% Savvy B (max.)
Mechanical harvest permitted
More juice extracted than Cremant (100L per 130kg)
What are the requirements for Vouvray Mousseaux AOC
51% Chenin (min.
Orbois permitted
65hL/ha yields
Mechanical harvest permitted
Higher juice extraction
why is the production of mousseaux/cremant wine an appealing option for Saumur/Vouvray based producers?
the earlier harvest means grapes are less likely to be affected by botrytis and fungal diseases coming from late season rains. The permitted yields are also higher, giving them more volume to sell.
