Creative Re-casting: Linguistic Techniques

Question 1

Antithesis

Answer 1

Something that is the direct opposite of something else (long-term contrast)
E.g. START OF PARA: Happy; END: Sad

Question 2

Colloqualism

Answer 2

The use of informal words / phrases / slang in writing
- When writing mirrors spoken language
E.g. wanna / gonna / go nuts

Question 3

Chremamorphism

Answer 3

The attributes of an inanimate object being applied to people
E.g. he was dispatched

Question 4

Elipsis

Answer 4

Leaving out words to create tension / suspense
- The sentence will always still be understood
E.g. Bang… silence.

Question 5

Juxtaposition

Answer 5

The fact two things being placed close together with contrasting effect
- Changes the semantics of the word it describes
E.g. better late than never

Question 6

Irony

Answer 6

The use of words to convey a meaning that the opposite of its literal meaning (saying the opposite of what is true / real)
E.g. Firestation burns down

Question 7

Sarcasm

Answer 7

The use of irony to mock a person / idea
E.g. “It’s raining” “That helps!”

Question 8

Cliche

Answer 8

A common phrase
- Builds familiarity in a text
E.g. Too big for your boots

Question 9

Pathetic Fallacy

Answer 9

Atmospheric techniques that reflect mood
- Creates imagry / atmosphere / foreshadowing
E.g. sunny weather = happiness / hope

Question 10

Puns

Answer 10

A play on words which exploit the different possible meaning of words

Question 11

Alliteration / Phonetic sequencing

Answer 11

The repeated beginning of words
E.g. fleeting phaero (/f/)

Question 12

Plosive Alliteration

Answer 12

Abrupt & strong: grabs the reader’s attention
- Dawn Drank the Darkness as the sun escaped her Dungeon

Question 13

Fricative Alliteration

Answer 13

Soft & airy
- Can be aggressive (particularly with f/v)
- he Fumbled with the Photo and Froze

Question 14

Affrivative Alliteration

Answer 14

Strange & Jarring
- Interrupt the softer flow of text & grabs the reader’s attention
- Guggling Giant Jellyfish

Question 15

Sibilance

Answer 15

Alliteration which focusses on /s/ sounds (& soft c)
- Sad, uncertain circumstances

Question 16

Emotive language

Answer 16

Language is used to create a strong emotional response from the reader
- Connotations

Question 17

Collocation

Answer 17

A predictable combination of words
- Not neccessarily grammatically correct
E.g. crystal clear / heavy rain > strong rain

Question 18

Parenthesis / Embedded clause

Answer 18

Information added within a sentence either within a clause or brackets
- Allows embedding of further information (description / justification / etc.)

Question 19

Hypophora

Answer 19

A rhetorical question which is immediately answered
- Draws attention to topics / problems / solutions
E.g. Are you tired of everday hassles? I know I am!

Question 20

Anaphora / Anaphoric reference

Answer 20

The repition of a word or phrase at the beginning of a series of a phrase or sentence
E.g. “It was…” -Charles Dickens speech

Question 21

Repitition

Answer 21

Repeating something that has already been said / written
- Umbrella term

Question 22

Syntactic mirroring

Answer 22

[Tripling]
The use of three of something to emphasise an idea or create a desired effect

Question 23

Personification

Answer 23

When human characteristics are given to something non-human
- Creates imagry
E.g. the wind howled

Question 24

Similie

Answer 24

A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing to something different
- like / as
E.g. a smile as bright as sunshine

Question 25

Metaphor

Answer 25

A figure of speech in whihc you say one thing is another
- Metamorphises an idea
- Used ot compare qualities of 2 things
E.g. the moon is a balloon

Question 26

Oxymoron

Answer 26

When 2 contrasting ideas are combined for dramatic or comedic effect
E.g. Loving hate / geniusly stupid / bittersweet

Question 27

Neologism

Answer 27

A newly coined word created entirely to suit a new purpose

Question 28

Parataxis

Answer 28

Placing several clauses together without written conjunctions
- Dramatises
- Technique used for sensationalism
E.g. he braced himself, slowly ran toward the diving board, stared at the abyss below, took a deep breath and plunged into the pool

Question 29

Hyperbole

Answer 29

An exaggerated statement; not meant to be taken literally but used to create a dramatic effect
E.g. I’m starving

Question 30

Foreshadowing

Answer 30

A hint / warning / indication of a future event
E.g. Character adjusts their gun holster - implies future use of the gun

Question 31

Onomatopoeia

Answer 31

When the way a word sounds imitates the sound it is describing
E.g. Clacking heels / splattering paint / rumbling earthquake

Question 32

Symbolism

Answer 32

When something represents an idea rather than an object
E.g. she clutched her purse in persuit of her new life
-> purse = symbolism for hope

Question 33

Assonance

Answer 33

Alliteration of vowel sounds

Question 34

Paralellism

Answer 34

The repeated syntactic patter of a phrase
E.g. I am tired. She is cold. They are angry
- Pronoun > Linking verb > Adjective

Question 35

Metonymy

Answer 35

The use of a related word to refer to something larger (No. 10 - Prime minister)

Question 36

Litotes

Answer 36

Deliberate, ironic understatements
(Readers have to pause to interpret the true meaning - phrase is likely to stick)
E.g. Not too bad = very good

Question 37

First person pronouns

Answer 37

Writer / Speakers own experiences
- more credible (info comes first hand)
WE / US: builds a connection between the writer / speaker & audience

AVOIDED: Maintains an objective tone

Question 38

Second person pronouns

Answer 38

Builds a connection between writer / speaker & audience
- speaking directly to them
- warm & friendly approach