Creating a Safe Environment Flashcards
1
Q
Unintentional Injuries
A
- Injuries are adaptable if people adapted behaviors that promote safety and society reduces environmental hazards
- Not purposefully inflected
- Leading cause is motor vehicle crashes then poisoning, falls, choking and drowning
2
Q
5 E’s (NC Vision Zero)
A
- Education
- Enforcement
- Engineering
- Emergency response
- Everyone
3
Q
Focus Areas (NC Vision Zero)
A
- Bicycle
- Child Passenger
- Commercial Motor Vehicles
- Distracted Driving
- Drinking and Driving
- Drowsy Driving
- Drugged Driving
- Lane Departures
- Motorcycle
- Older Drivers
- Pedestrians
- School Bus
- Seat belts
- Speeding
- Train
- Work Zone
- Young Drivers
4
Q
Factors Contributing to motor vehicle Crashes
A
- Aggressive Driving
- Alcohol and Impaired Driving
- Disregarding signals and stop signs, improper turns following too closely
- Driver inattention
- Environmental hazards
- Speeding
5
Q
Motor Vehicle Crashes
A
- Speeding continues to be a contributing factor in roadway fatalities
- In 2014 9,262 people who died in speeding related crashes – 28% of fatalities
- Speeding is often one component of aggressive driving
6
Q
Distracted Driving
A
In 2015 3,477 people were killed by distracted driving 391,000 were injured
7
Q
Examples of distracted driving:
A
- Adjusting radio
- Eating and drinking
- Reading, including maps
- Texting
- Using cell phone
8
Q
Defensive Driving
A
- Driving too fast or too slow can increase chance of a collision
- If you plan to drink, designate a driver
- Be alert
- Don’t follow too closely, 3 second rule (select a fixed object when the car in front of you passes it should take you 3 second to pass the object after the car in front has passed, poor conditions double or triple seconds)
9
Q
Impaired Driving
A
- In 1984 Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act (requires states to set legal drinking age to 21 or loose federal funding)
- Many of Americans favor the idea of designated drivers
10
Q
ATV
A
- Each year there are more than 700 deaths and 100,000 injuries involving ATVs
- Many deaths and injuries occur when an inexperienced driver loses control of the ATV, thrown from an ATV, overturns the vehicle or collides with a fixed object or vehicle
- CPSC (consumer product safety commission) recommend that all ATV drivers take a hands on safety course from a qualified instructor
11
Q
NC ATV State Laws
A
- No one under age 8 may operate an ATV.
- Children under age 12 may only operate an ATV under 70cc.
- Children under age 16 may only operate an ATV 90cc or less.
- Children under age 16 must be supervised by a person at least age 18.
- Passengers may not be carried unless the ATV was designed to carry passengers.
- All ATV operators must wear helmet and eye protection.
- ATV use on public streets and highways is prohibited except to cross.
12
Q
ATV Safety Institute’s Golden Rules
A
- Always wear a DOT compliant helmet, goggles, long sleeve, long pants, over the ankle boots and gloves
- Never ride on paved roads except to cross
- Never ride under the influence of alcohol
- Ride an ATV that is right for your age
- Supervise riders younger than 16
- Ride only on designated trails and at a safe speed
- Attend an approved training class
- Never carry a passenger on a single rider ATV and no more than one passenger on an ATV designed for two people
13
Q
Motorcycle Fatalities
A
- In 2016 5,286 motorcyclists were killed in traffic accidents (increased 10% from 2014)
- NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) estimates that helmets saved 1,772 motorcyclists lives in 2015 and that 740 more could have been saved if all motorcyclists had worn helmets
14
Q
Motorcycle Riding Risk Factors
A
- Poor road conditions (gravel, potholes, construction)
- Bad weather (rain, snow, fog)
- Excess speed (riding over the speed limit)
- Light/moderate alcohol consumption (by driver)
- Condition/safety of the bike (tires, brakes)
- Heavy traffic
- Stunts/ “Extreme riding” (popping wheelies)
- Lane splitting (driving up the middle of two lanes of traffic)
- Riding in groups (with several other motorcycle riders
15
Q
Home Safety
A
- Falls (Most common cause of injury in the home)
- Most common cause of injury visits to the emergency room for 2 groups: young children and older adults
- Older adults have the highest rate of injury and death from falls of any age group
- Older adults are susceptible to falls more than younger people because of: medical problems, changes in skeletal composition, poor balance, limited vision, muscular weakness, and medication
16
Q
Fires
A
- Fires in the home are associated with smoking, cooking, fireplaces and chimneys, electrical wiring and cords and appliance, particularly electrical heaters
- Lithium Batteries New source of fire damage, lithium batteries provide power to portable electronic equipment
- The battery contains a separator that prevent positive and negative electrodes from touching each other, if a separator fails a spark may be ignited or battery may explode
17
Q
Smoke Detectors and Fire Extinguishers
A
- Deaths from home fires could be reduced if smoke sensing devices were installed in every home
- In case of fire have an emergency plan will help you react in case of fire and escape routes
18
Q
Poisoning
A
- Children are vulnerable to accidental poisoning in the home
- Prescription and OTC drugs can be taken in excess quantities or improper combination
- Poison control 1-800-222-1222 – be prepared to report person’s condition, age, weight, what product was consumed
19
Q
Natural Disasters
A
What should you do for: Tornadoes Thunder & Lightening Floods Earthquakes
20
Q
Tornadoes Facts
A
- Produce winds over 250 mph
- Can be one mile wide and stay over the ground over 50 miles
21
Q
Tornado Safety
A
- In a house with a basement: Get in basement under a sturdy protection
- House with no basement or apartment: Avoid windows, go to lowest floor, small center room (bathroom, under stairs)
- Mobile home: Get out
- Vehicle: Get out seek shelter, No shelter low ground away from cars (avoid seeking shelters under bridges)
22
Q
Thunder and Lightening
A
- Lightening can cause an average of 80 fatalities and 300 injuries a year
- How far away is a thunderstorm when you see lightening??? Count the number of seconds between a flash of lightning and the next clap of thunder, Divide this number by 5 to determine the distance to the lightning in miles.
23
Q
What to do if caught in a thunder and lightening?
A
- Get indoors: Avoid water, doors and windows
- Unsafe places include underneath canopies, small picnic or rain shelters, or near trees
- If you can’t get indoors, avoid high ground, avoid open spaces, avoid water, crouch down and avoid proximity to others (15 feet)
- Suspend activity for 30 minutes after last observed lightening or thunder
24
Q
Flooding
A
- # 1 cause of deaths associated with thunderstorms (more than 140 deaths per year)
- Most fatalities occur at night (most victims become trapped in vehicles)
- 6 inches of fast moving waters can knock a person off their feet
- 2 feet will cause most vehicles to float
25
Flooding in a Home
- Be prepared to evacuate at a moment’s notice
- Keep water safe: Use bottle or boil water (1 min)
- Do not eat any food that is not in a waterproof container
- Wash all pots, pans, countertops, dishes, utensils that have been contaminated
26
Earthquakes
When shaking begins:
- Drop down and take cover under desk/table
- Stay indoors until shaking stops
- Stay away from bookshelves, furniture that can fall
- If outside: find a clear spot away from buildings, trees and power lines
- If in a car: slow down – clear place stay in car until the shaking stops
