CREAMS Flashcards
Are semi-solid preparations containing
one or more medicinal agents dissolved or dispersed in either an oil-in-water emulsion or in another type of water-washable base.
CREAMS
Patients and physicians prefer _____
to ointments because they are easier
to spread and remove than many
ointments.
CREAMS
The so-called_____ are oil-in-water emulsions containing large percentage of water and stearic acid or other oleaginous components.
Vanishing Creams
Four (4) main ingredients of cold
cream:
WATER
OIL
EMULSIFIER
THICKENING AGENT
• Primary application in topical skin products and in products used on mucous. membranes, such as rectally and vaginally.
The provision of a barrier to protect the skin
To aid in the retention of moisture.
As emollient.
As vehicle for drug substance such as local anesthetics, anti-inflammatories, hormones, antibiotics, antifungals or counter-irritants.
CREAMS
Also known as Jellies
GELS
Are semi-solid systems consisting of
dispersions of small or large molecules
in an aqueous liquid vehicle rendered
jelly-like by the addition of a gelling
agents
GELS
Are semi-solid that can have properties
ranging from soft and weak to hard and
tough.
GELS
Are defined as a substantially
dilute cross-linked system, which
exhibits no flow when in the steady-state.
GELS
Has been defined phenomenologically
as a soft, solid or solid-like material
consisting of two or more components,
one of which is a liquid, present in
substantial quantity
GEL
are usually formed from a fatty acids in the oil phase hydrolyzed by a base dissolved in the aqueous phase in situ during the preparation of creams.
SOAPS
may be formulated from a variety of
oils both mineral and vegetable, and from
fatty alcohols, fatty acids, and fatty esters.
CREAMS
GELLING AGENTS:
Macromolecules: Carbomer 935
Cellulose derivatives:
Carboxymethylcellulose or
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
Natural gums: Tragacanth
Other Agents of Gels:
Drug Substance
Water
Co-solvents: Alcohol and/or
propylene glycol
Antimicrobial preservatives:
Methylparaben, propylparaben, or
Chlorhexidine gluconate
Stabilizers: Edetate disodium
formed with large organic molecules
may be formed by dispersing the molecule in the continuous phase (by heating starch), by cross-linking the dispersed molecules by changing the pH (as for carbomers), or by reducing the continuous phase (as for jellies formed with sucrose)
GELS
Topically applied onto the skin, eyes,
nasally, vaginally and rectally.
Administered by the topical
oromucosal routes. Antibiotic-
containing gels can be administered
by teat infusion in veterinary
medicine to treat mastitis.
GELS
Should be stored in tight containers
to prevent water loss.
Avoid freezing.
GELS
Are semi-solid preparations intended for
application to the skin.
PASTE
They are generally contain a large
proportion of solid material (such as 25%)
than ointments and therefore are stiffer.
PASTE
When prepared with an oleaginous base
they are greasy than their counterpart
ointments due to the reduced amount of
the base.
PASTE
Are prepared in the same manner as
ointments, by direct mixing or the use of
heat to soften the base prior to
incorporating the solids, which have been
comminuted and sieved
However, when levigating agent is to be used to render the powdered component smooth, a portion of the base is often used rather than a liquid, which would soften the paste.
PASTE
Applied on the skin, but not suited for
hairy parts of the body– due to its
stiffness and impenetrability.
PASTE
is prepared by mixing 25% each of zinc oxide and starch with white petrolatum.
ZINC OXIDE PASTE
Are solid or semi-solid adhesives masses
spread upon a backing material or paper,
fabric, moleskin or plastic. The adhesive
material used is a rubber base or a
synthetic resin.
PLASTER
_______ used to be official under
the title Adhesive Plaster, the use of this
material being well known.
OFFICAL TAPE
Applied to the skin to provide prolonged contact at the site.
Medicated plasters provide effects at the site of application. They may be cut to
size to conform to the surface to be covered.
Unmedicated plasters provide protection or mechanical support at the site of
application.
PLASTER
use on the toes for the removal of corns with keratolytic action of Salicylic acid (10-
40% concentration)
SALICYLIC ACID PLASTER
Product of plaster?
SALICYLIC ACID PLASTER
Are plastic masses containing:
o Gelatin (15%)
o Glycerin (40%)
o Water (35%)
o and an added medicinal substance
(10%) as Zinc Oxide.
GLYCEROGELATIN
Softening the gelatin in water for
about 10 minutes.
Heat on a steam bath until the gelatin
is dissolved.
Add the medicinal substance mixed
with glycerin.
Allow the mixture to cool with stirring
until congealed.
GLYCEROGELATIN
Applied to the skin for longer residence.
They are melted before application,
cooled to slightly above body temperature,and applied to the affected area with a fine brush.
Following application, the
glycerogelatin hardens, is usually covered with abandage and is allowed to remain in placefor a period of weeks
GLUCEROGELATIN
Product of glycerogelatin
ZINC GELATIN
Use in the treatment of varicose
ulcers.
ZINC GELATIN
Zinc Gelatin is also known as _______ due to its ability to form a
pressure bandage.
ZINC GELATIN BOOT
Zinc gelatin is used for the treatment of?
VARICOSE ULCERS
Packaging of Glycerogelatin?
Topical dermatologic products- packaged in either?
JARS, TUBES OR SYRINGES
Topical dermatologic products -
packaged in either jars, tubes, or
syringes.
Ophthalmic, nasal, vaginal and rectal
solid products - tubes or syringes
GLYCEROGELATIN
