CRC Prep Flashcards
Prepare for the CRC exam
Workforce Investment Act
1998- Streamline workforce development services, designed for employees and employers, targets individuals with disabilities
ADA Title V
1990-MISC- can’t discriminate for being involved in an ADA complaint, insurance carrier’s can allow for pre-existing conditions
ADA Title IV
1990-Telecommunication- requires 24 hour relay services and must not cost more than voice services.
ADA Title III
1990-Public Accommodations- prohibits discrimination in goods, services and facilities, new construction must be accessible, failure to remove barriers if possible is discrimination.
ADA Title II
1990-Public Entities- State and Local Gov’t. Prohibits discrimination in govt services, no exclusion from public activities, focuses on public transportation- must have 1 accessible car on commuter trains
ADA Title I
1990-Employment- prohibits employment discrimination for private and govt, applies to employers with 15 or more workers, requires reasonable accommodations unless there is “undue hardship” to employer.
Americans With Disabilities Act
1990- most significant civil rights legislation for indiv. with disabilities. 5 Titles: I Employment, II Public Entities, III Public Accommodations, IV Telecommunications, V Miscellaneous
Rehabilitation Act - Title V
1973- 8 sections
501-non discrimination in hiring, recruiting, promoting
502-architectural and transportation barriers compliance
503-prohibits employment discrimination by Federal contractors
504- defines reasonable accommodations, prohibits discrimination in any federally supported activity
508- 1986 amendment- ensures access to computers and other electronics and access to Rehab Centers for VR
Rehabilitation Act
1973- Most significant act in the movement of disability rights. Enabled order of selection. consumer involvement a must. Includes case closure as a goal, supports rehab research and program evaluation. for individuals diagnosed with a disability that is a substantial handicap to employment and would benefit from increased employability.
Barden-Lafollett Act AKA Voc Rehab Act
1943-Expanded eligibility for services to people with intellectual and psychiatric disabilities.
Javits-Wagner-O’day Act
1971- Extended Purchase authority to sheltered workshops.
Wagner- O’day Act
1938-Helped sheltered workshops compete for federal contracts.
Randolph Sheppard Act
1936-priority service contracts for persons who were blind to operate vending stands on Federal property
Social Security Act
1935-Provided benefits for people with specific disabling conditions
Soldiers Rehabilitation Act
1918- helped to develop a priority of service to those who were injured in the line of duty
Smith Fess Act AKA Voc Rehab Act
1920- Expanded services to persons with other types of disabilities
Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA)
2014-replaced WIA will be enacted at least until 2020. requires collaboration of several workforce development programs. Emphasizes youth in transition, provides competitive integrated employment opportunities, improves services to employers and people w disabilities through Pre-ETS (pre-employment transition services)
Federal Register
Daily or weekly publication by national archives and records administration that contains federal agency regulations and rule changes
Federal Requirements
Term used to generally refer to federal laws and regulations.
Smith Hughes Act
1917-Provided education and vocational-technical training to displaced workers.
Code of Federal Regulations CFR
Codification of the general and permanent rules published in the federal register. Updated and printed 1x per year.
7 steps to this type of therapy
- Joining and accommodating
- Enactment
- Structural Mapping
- Highlighting and modifying interactions
- Boundary Making
- Unbalancing
- Challenging unproductive assumptions
Structural Family Therapy- Salvador Minuchin
Experiential Therapy Types
Gestalt, Person Centered, Reality Therapy
Thinks of family counseling as neutralizing triangles ie triangulation.
Family Systems Therapy- Bowen
Coined the term “thinking in circles”(fam therapy) or “thinking in lines” (Individual therapy)
Family Therapist: Nichols
Adlerian therapy- 4 stages
whole organism, interaction between person and environment. very positive, great for people who think they are failing in life.
4 stages:
1. establish cooperative relationship
2. assess client problems (insight into family and birthorder)
3. insight into client statements
4. reorientation to assist client in more effective beliefs and behavior
Adlerian- 4 major concepts
- Teleology-peoples goals for future influence present at least as much as they influence the future
- early recollections-perceiving family atmosphere rather than actual events is critical toward developing a lifestyle.
- lifestyle-comprehensive mosaic of individual beliefs and goals in relation to others in their life, which constitutes self worth.
- family constellation-family is seen as childs first social group. birth order determines social relationship formation until 6 or 7 then other social groups impact person.
Frued- Psychoanalysis- 5 psycho-social stages of development
Fixation or regression at any of these stages can result in dysfunction.
- Oral
- Anal
- Phallic-Oedipus complex- boys sexual attraction to mom; Electra complex-girls sexual attraction to dad
- Latency period- decrease in sexual interest
- Genital stage
Frued- Psychoanalysis- How many defense mechanisms?
Which one is the “only healthy defense mechanism”?
- Displacement-Directing hostility towards safe object
- Sublimation- (ONLY HEALTHY DEFENSE MECH)redirecting sexual or aggressive energy into creative channels.
- Regression- moving from advanced stage to lower stage
- Rationalization- believing or stating acceptable explanation for behavior as opposed to real explanation
- projection-attributing own desires and impulses to others.
- Denial- lacking acknowledgement of a threatening reality
- reaction formation-actively expressing opposite of a threatening impulse.
- Repression- Blocking threatening thoughts from entering consciousness.
- Ritual and Undoing- performing elaborate rituals to undo acts
- Compensation-Developing positive traits to make up for limitations
- identification-enhancing self work and compensating for a sense of failure by identifying with an organization or cause.
- Introjection- Taking on anothers values or standards
Sigmund Freud- Psychoanalysis concepts
instinctual drives, unconscious motivation, past experiences. Psyche = personality structure Id- primative impulses Ego-rational Superego- morality
Transference
Freud- clients unconscious redirection of experiences regarding someone else onto therapist
Countertransference
Freud- Experience of therapist placed onto client in response to transference.
counselor provides unconditional positive regard, empathy, genuineness/congruence. This approach is non-directive, non threatening, involves active listening, reflection and clarification. Clients perception more important than actual event.
Carl Rogers “Rogerian Therapy”person centered therapy-
Albert Ellis
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy- ABC Model-
A- activating event
B- Belief about A
C- consequence
Thoughts affects feelings which affect actions. Therapist acts as teacher and directs session, dispute is common due to challenging faulty beliefs.
Possible add on D- Disputation of irrational beliefs and E- effective new rational beliefs
Examples of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
REBT- Albert Ellis
Cognitive Therapy- Aron Beck
Transactional Analysis- Eric Bernes
CBT
NO single theorist at the front of this widely practiced approach. Goal directed, structured and time limited.
Cognitive reframing- changes the meaning placed on events.
Cognitive restructuring- challenging dysfunctional automatic thoughts.
Transactional Analysis
Eric Berne- assumes a person is able to chose and redirect or reshape their own destiny. develops contracts before sessions and used frequently in group settings. Egos states- parent, adult and child 4 levels- Structural analysis Transactional analysis Game Analysis (life)script analysis- advanced analysis
William Glasser
Reality therapy-people are able to deal with their needs through a realistic and rational process. Used frequently in prisons or substance abuse programs.
uses choice therapy, praises responsible behavior, dissapproves of poor behavior, natural consequences vs punishment, no excuses.
Fritz and Laura Perls
Gestalt (WHOLE) therapy-primary goal of full integration of person. Verbal and Non verbal should be congruent ie actions match words. Moral injunctions: Live here and now Stop Imagining Stop unnecessary thinking Express Give in to unpleasantness accept no "should" or "ought" take full responsibility
Aron Lazarus
Multi-Modal Therapy- must be tailored to individual needs of client who is assumed to have multiple problems. Addresses BASIC ID Behavior Affect Sensations Imagery Cognition Interpersonal Relationships Drugs, biology
REBT
Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy- Albert Ellis
ABC Model-
A- activating event
B- Belief about A
C- consequence
Thoughts affects feelings which affect actions. Therapist acts as teacher and directs session, dispute is common due to challenging faulty beliefs.
Possible add on D- Disputation of irrational beliefs and E- effective new rational beliefs
Multi-Modal Therapy- Aron Lazarus
Multi-Modal Therapy- must be tailored to individual needs of client who is assumed to have multiple problems. Addresses BASIC ID Behavior Affect Sensations Imagery Cognition Interpersonal Relationships Drugs, biology
This type of short term counseling develops resilience, empowerment, and recovery after an event that is overwhelming to ones psychological adaptation and coping skills.
Crisis Intervention
Polytrauma
more than one severe injury causing a traumatic response and arising after one traumatic event.
- injury to two or more body systems simultaneously
- TBI often occurs in polytraumatic experiences
- result in greater care intensity and caregiver burden
Multitrauma
More than one traumatic event causing a singular injury traumatic response
The 3 E’s of Trauma according to SAMHSA
Event, Experience, Effects
The 4 R’s of Trauma according to SAMHSA
Realizes, Recognizes, Responds, Resist Re-traumatization
SAMHSA’s Trauma Informed Approach
Six Principle Model
- Safety
- Trustworthiness/transparency
- Peer Support
- Collaboration and Mutuality
- Empowerment, Voice, Choice
- Cultural, Historical and Gender issues
Top 10 cause of death for people ages 15-24
Suicide
4 categories of risk for suicide
desire, capability, intent, buffers/connectedness
common link to suicidality
Mental Health Conditions
Tarasoff Ruling
1974- Duty to warn potential victims of harm as well as to protect clients from self-harm
Plan for keeping clients safe who are at risk
Safety Plan
Plans requiring notification, evacuation, emergency transportation, sheltering, access to medications and back up power, access to mobility devices while in transit or at shelters and access to information
Emergency Preparedness Plan