Cranium & Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Summarize the meninges coverings and spaces of the CNS using a drawing.

Answer 1

Bone - Dura (periosteal & meningeal) - arachnoid mater - pia mater

Question 2

Explain the in-folding of dura mater and structures they separate

Answer 2

The meningeal dura mater unfolds creating a space between the periosteal dura mater to allow for a dural sinus

Question 3

Explain the boundaries and contents of the three cranial fossae

Answer 3

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Question 4

Name the CNS origin, including nuclei of the cranial nerves.

Answer 4

Brain stem
Cerebrum, midbrain, pons, medulla, spinal cord
Nuclei
Oculomotor, edinger westphal, trochlear, abducens

Question 5

Explain the opening of the skull through which the CN exit.

Answer 5

CN I - cribriform foramen
CN II - retina
CN III - superior orbital fissure
CN IV - superior orbital fissure
CN V1 - superior orbital fissure
CN V2 - foramen rotundum
CN V3 - foramen ovale
CN VI - superior orbital fissure

Question 6

Explain the target structures (function) innervated by each cranial nerve.

Answer 6

CN I - nasal cavity
CN II - retina
CN III - levator palpebrae superiors, superior rectus, ciliary body, iris, medial rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique
CN IV - superior oblique 
CN V1 - 
CN V2 - 
CN V3 - 
CN VI - lateral rectus

Question 7

Explain the axon functions present in the branches of the CN summarized in the CN drawings and structure information list.

Answer 7

CN I - sensory
CN II - sensory
CN III - motor and parasympathetic 
CN IV - motor
CN V1 - sensory
CN V2 - sensory
CN V3 - sensory and branchial motor
CN VI - motor
CN VII - sensory, motor, parasympathetic 
CN VIII - sensory
CN IX - sensory, motor, parasympathetic 
CN X - sensory, motor, parasympathetic 
CN XI - motor
CN XII - motor

Question 8

Name the ganglia (sensory and parasympathetic) associated with each CN.

Answer 8

Ciliary Ganglion - short ciliary n. of V1 - does parasympathetic for CN III
Pterygopalatine Ganglion - CN V2 - does parasympathetic for CN VII
Submandibular Ganglion - lingual of CN V3 - does parasympathetic for CN VII
Otic Ganglion - auricular temporal of CN V3 - does parasympathetic for CN IX

Question 9

List the ganglia containing postganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies and what branch of CN V they are suspended from.

Answer 9

Ciliary Ganglion - short ciliary n. of V1 - does parasympathetic for CN III
Pterygopalatine Ganglion - CN V2 - does parasympathetic for CN VII
Submandibular Ganglion - lingual of CN V3 - does parasympathetic for CN VII
Otic Ganglion - auricular temporal of CN V3 - does parasympathetic for CN IX

Question 10

Explain the distribution of sympathetic innervation of the head.

Answer 10

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