Craniofacial muscles

Question 1

Buccinator (L. bucca, cheek)

Answer 1

Attachments: from alveolar processes of the maxilla & mandible, pterygoid hamulus & pterygomandibular raphe to the buccal angle

Function: compresses cheek

Innervation: facial n. (buccal branch)

Blood supply: facial & buccal a.

Question 2

Depressor anguli oris

Answer 2

Attachments: from mandible to buccal angle

Function: depresses buccal angle laterally

Innervation: facial n. (marginal mandibular branch)

Blood supply: inferior labial & mental

Question 3

Depressor labii inferioris

Answer 3

Attachments: from lower oblique line of mandible to skin & mucosa of lower lip

Function: draws lower lip downward

Innervation: facial n. (marginal mandibular branch)

Blood supply: inferior labial & mental a.

Question 4

Frontalis

Answer 4

Attachments: from the superficial fascia of the eyebrows to the epicranial aponeurosis

Function: protracts the scalp or elevates eyebrows & nose

Innervation: facial n. (temporal branch)

Blood supply: superficial temporal, supraorbital & supratrochlear a.

Question 5

Levator labii superioris

Answer 5

Attachments: from the infraorbital margin to the lateral aspect of the upper lip

Function: raises & everts upper lip

Innervation: facial n. (buccal & zygomatic branches)

Blood supply: facial, angular & infraorbital a.

Question 6

Mentalis

Answer 6

Attachments: from incisive fossa of mandible to skin of chin

Function: raises lower lip

Innervation: facial n. (marginal mandibular branch)

Blood supply: inferior labial & mental a.

Question 7

Nasalis

Answer 7

Attachments: from the maxilla lateral & inferior to the nasal notch to the bridge & ala of the nose

Function: transverse fibers compress & alar fibers widen the nasal aperture

Innervation: facial n. (buccal branch)

Blood supply: lateral nasal, angular & infraorbital a.

Question 8

Orbicularis oculi

Answer 8

Attachments: from orbital margin & medial palpebral ligament to superficial fascia of the eyelid

Function: palpebral sphincter

Innervation: temporal & zygomatic branches of the facial n.

Blood supply: superficial temporal, lacrimal, supraorbital, supratrochlear, dorsal nasal, angular, infraorbital & transverse facial a.

Question 9

Orbicularis oris

Answer 9

Attachments: from the angle of the mouth to the superficial fascia of the upper lip

Function: oral sphincter

Innervation: facial n. (buccal & marginal mandibular branches)

Blood supply: facial, inferior & superior labial, infraorbital & mental a.

Question 10

Platysma (G. platys, flat, broad)

Answer 10

Attachments: from the lower border of the mandible to the superficial fascia of the skin of the neck overlying the clavicle

Function: wrinkles the anterior nuccal skin

Innervation: facial n. (cervical branch)

Blood supply: facial, submental & suprascapular a.

Question 11

Zygomaticus major (G. zygon, yoke, a joining pair)

Answer 11

Attachments: from zygomatic bone to angle of the mouth

Function: raises the buccal angle

Innervation: facial n. (buccal & zygomatic branches)

Blood supply: facial, superior labial, transverse facial & infraorbital