Craniofacial Disorders

Question 1

McGurk Effect

Answer 1

when audio and visual don’t match= our brains perceive something different

Question 2

Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome

Answer 2

Overgrowth syndrome
Macroglossia
Hemihyperplasia- one side of the body grows more than the other side
Cancer risk
Abdominal wall defect
Often born prematurely because of intrauterine overgrowth
Overgrowth of internal organs
Hypoglycemia- pancreas producing too much insulin because of enlarged pancreas

Question 3

Risk factors for communication disorders

Answer 3

Hearing impairment
Early recurrent ear infections
Cleft palate
Global developmental delay
Long term tracheostomy
Prematurity
Problematic hypoglycemia
Fetal toxin exposure
Family history of communication disorder requiring therapy

Question 4

Sagittal synopsis

Answer 4

Premature closure/congenital absence of sagittal suture
Elongated skull
Narrow face

Question 5

Unicoronal synostosis

Answer 5

twisted skull
Progressive facial asymmetry if untreated
Face off axis
Forehead is flattened on side from suture

Question 6

Bicoronal synostosis

Answer 6

Rare
Facial symmetry maintained
Brachiocephaly= short head
Subtle language differences
Language evaluation at age 4

Question 7

Metopic synostosis

Answer 7

Trigonocephaly- triangle skull
Forehead narrow
50% prevalence of language, learning and/or behavior disorder
Eyes are close together
Suture that runs down forehead is fused

Question 8

Crouzon syndrome

Answer 8

Hypoplastic midface
Anterior crossbite- lower teeth show
Normal cognition
Autosomal dominant- 50% of passing to offspring

Question 9

Pfeiffer Syndrome

Answer 9

May have midface hypoplasia
Bulging forehead
◼ May have craniosynostosis
◼ Broad thumbs
◼ Cognitive function usually normal

Question 10

Apert syndrome

Answer 10

Midface hypoplasia
No functional nasal airway
Baby has to breathe through nose to feed
Multiple craniosynostosis
Height of skull
Syndactyly (fusing or webbed) of digits
Some have cleft palate
Cognitive range of mild MR to normal