Cranial Nerves of Interest for Speech Flashcards
Name the 6 cranial nerves of interest to speech
Trigeminal (V), Facial (VII), Glossopharyngeal (IX), Vagus (x), Accessory (XI), Hypoglossal (XII)
Motor function of trigeminal cranial nerve V is
jaw movement
Sensory function of trigeminal cranial nerve V is
jaw, face, lip, and tongue
Unilateral damage to the trigeminal cranial nerve V may cause the jaw to
deviate to the weak side when opened (generally no impact on speech)
Bilateral damge to the trigeminal cranial nerve V may cause the jaw to
hang open and move slowly (if at all) –which has severe impact on articulation
The motor component of the facial cranial nerve VII is important because
lip and cheek muscles are most important for bilabials and labiodentals.
Damage to the facial nerve VII may cause the following…
inability to impound air, purse lips, or smile; drooling; flattened nasolabial fold; eye droop
T or F. The trigeminal cranial nerve V and glossopharyngeal nerve IX are rarely damaged in isolation
True
What reflex test can be used to test the integrity of the glossopharyngeal nerve IX
gag (asymmetry indicates damage)
Glossopharyngeal cranial nerve IX likely contributes to what functions
pharyngeal movement during swallow; resonance & phonatory function
What are the three branches of the vagus cranial nerve X?
pharyngeal, superior, & recurrent
Damage to vagus nerve X can have effects on…
speech production, phonation, resonance, artic & prosody
Unilateral vagus nerve X damge to the pharyngeal branch has_____effect on speech
little
Depending which branch of the vagus nerve is damaged you may observe some or all of the following…
hypernaslity, reduced loudness, aphonia, reduced pitch range, pitch breaks, nasal emission (bilateral damage)
Unilateral lesions of vagus nerve may present with..
soft palate hangs lower on affected side, pulls toward non-affected side during phonation, diminished gag, dysphagia, weak glottal coup
Bilateral lesions of vagus nerve may present with…
resonance and phonatory issues
T or F. It is difficult to test the accessory nerve XI from the vagus nerve X?
T
Unilateral damage to accessory nerve XI symptoms include
reduced shoulder elevation, weak head turning toward affected side
Bilateral lesions of the accessory nerve XI symptoms include
significant head drooping and shoulder weakness which may effect respiration, phonation, and resonance
Atrophy of the tongue (shrunken on weak side), fasiculations of tongue, deviation of tongue to weak side, decreased tongue strength, reduced ROM of tongue are signs and symptoms of damage to
hypoglossal nerve XII
Speech characteristics when damage to hypoglossal nerve XII has occured are
imprecise artic (/s/ /sh/ /ch/ /r/ /l/), reduced AMRs for ‘tuh’ and ‘kuh’
Multiple Cranial Nerve Damage is called
bulbar palsy
bulbar palsy is usually due to
a lesion within the brainstem
