Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dentistry Year 2 OCB > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What nerves link the nervous system to the periphery?

A

Cranial and spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do both cranial and spinal nerves attach to?

A

Cranial nerves attach to the forebrain and brain stem.

Spinal nerves attach to spinal cord.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the spinal nerves divided into?

A

Ventral and dorsal.

Ventral part is motor receiving information from cortex and allowing actions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What nuclei do we have in the brain?

A

In brain stem we have sensory and motor nuclei. This is a convention of neurone that receive the information in dorsal part (sensory). This information is then received and goes around the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the 12 cranial nerves and give basic function

A
  1. Olifactory - to smell
  2. Optic - to see
  3. Oculomotor - to move eye
  4. Trochlear - to move eye
  5. Trigeminal - sensation in face
  6. Abducens - to move eye
  7. Facial - controls muscles of facial expression
  8. Vesto-cochlear - allows you to hear
  9. Glossopharyngeal - for taste
  10. Vagus - parasympathetic control of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract
  11. Accessory - connect to neck
  12. Hypoglossal - move tongue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What comes through foramen magnum?

A

Brain stem and accessory nerve 11.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Do we have synapses in ganglia?

A

no! COLLECTION OF CELL BODIES. HAS A CENTRAL BRANCH GOING TOWARDS BRAIN STEM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the dorsal root ganglia?

A

A sensory group of neurons. The peripheral branch allows information to go through doral root ganglia to cell bodies to around the body.
Central branch goes into the ganglia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What level do the optic nerves switch over?

A

The optic chiasma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the PONS and what are some of the nerves coming out of it?

A

PONS is a continuation of fibres that go from spinal cord to thalamus and cortex. On. Side of PONS is trigeminal nerve. Laterally there is 7 and 8 cranial nerve. At side of PONS, is abducens nerve (6).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What cranial nerves come out the medulla oblongata?

A

9-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Explain how the cranial nerves emerge in the brain

A

The olfactory, optic, oculomotor and trochlear cranial nerves are associated with the anterior portion of the brain.

The trigeminal, abducens and facial (5,6,7) arise in PONS.

The vestibulocochlear (8) nerves arise in the pons.

The glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory and hypoglossal (9-12) nerves are attached to the medulla oblongata.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Divide the cranial nerves into sensory, motor or both

A

Sensory - 1, 2, 8

Motor - 3, 4, 6, 11, 12

Both - 5, 7, 9, 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which particular nerve fibre has synapses?

A

Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some functions of the cranial nerves?

A 
Chewing and swallowing 
Talking
Seeing
Facial expression 
Hearing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What sensory supply are we getting from cranial nerves?

A 
Muscles of facial expression
Muscles of mastication
Extra-ocular muscles
Muscles of tongue 
Muscles of larynx and pharynx
Cervical muscles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are cranial nerves also involved in?

A

Carrying autonomic supply of glands and smooth muscle in the head and neck.

Several reflexes:

  • Visual
  • Auditory
  • Swallowing
  • Gag
  • Sneezing, coughing
18
Q

What cranial nerves supply presynaptic parasympathetic fibres?

A

Oculomotor nerve
- ciliary ganglion for sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscle

Facial nerve
- glands of oral and nasal cavity

Glossopharyngeal nerves
- for parotid gland

Vagus nerve

19
Q

What are some special and general cranial nerve targets in the brain?

A

Special - smell, vision, hearing

General - skin, teeth, eye. tongue, oral and nasal cavity, throat, meninges

20
Q

What nerves do we find in the anterior fossa?

A

Cribiform plate with the olfactory neves (cranial nerve 1) and meningeal nerves

21
Q

What nerves/foramen do we find in the middle fossa?

A

Optic foramen - optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

Superior orbital fissure
- Cranial nerve 3, 5, 6

Forman rotundeum
- Maxillary V2

Foramen ovale
- Mandibular V3

Foramen spinosum
- Middle meningeal artery

Carotid canal
- Internal carotid artery

Internal Acoustic meatus (IAM)
- Toughest bone to protect inner ear, have emergence of number 7 and 8 cranial nerve.

22
Q

What do we find in the posterior fossa?

A

Jugular foramen
- Cranial nerve 9, 10, 11

Hypoglossal foramen
- Cranial nerve 12

Foramen magnum

  • medulla oblongata
  • pons
  • vertebral artereis
  • 11 spinal nerves
  • meninges
  • csf
23
Q

What nerve comes through the cribriform plate?

A

Olfactory nerve (1)

24
Q

Where does the optic nerve (2) exit the cranial cavity?

A

Optic canal

25
Q

Where does the vestibule-cochlear nerve (8) exit the cranial cavity?

A

The internal auditory meatus

26
Q

Where does the hypoglossal never (12) exit the cranial cavity?

A

Hypoglossal canal

27
Q

Nerves 4 and 6 for moving eye come out the PONS, which comes out top and which out Bottom?

A

4 on top, 6 at bottom

28
Q

What does the hypoglossal nerve come out from?

A

The medulla oblongata and though hypoglossal canal

29
Q

What nerves exit from jugular foramen?

A

glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory (9,10,11)

30
Q

What is the major role of the vagus nerve?

A

Parasympathetic effect on heart and guts.

31
Q

What does the facial nerve exit which and where from?

A

Exits with nerve 8 (for hearing).

Exits from internal auditory meatus.

32
Q

What are the 5 facial muscles that fan out over face?

A
  • Temporal
  • Zygomatic
  • Buccal
  • Mandibular
  • Cervical
33
Q

What are the 3 exits of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  • V1. Ophthalmic - exits with eye muscle groups, senses to forehead and nasal cavity
  • V2. Maxillary - exits foramen rotundum, senses to cheek, upper lip, teeth, nasal cavity
  • V3. Mandibular - exits foramen ovale to mandibular foramen, senses to chin and tongue
34
Q

Where is the trigeminal nerve nucleus?

A

Trigeminal nerve nucleus is in PONS and exits into 3 branches.

35
Q

What are the two pathways we have in brain and spinal cord?

A

Pathways in brain are composed of cortical spinal (motor pathway). It goes from brain to spinal.

Spinal - thalamic means sensory as it goes from spine to thalamus.

36
Q

Which cranial nerve is largest?

A

Trigeminal

37
Q

Which cranial nerve is only one to exit posterior side of brain?

A

Trochlear

38
Q

What does abducens refer to?

A

Abducting eye balls

39
Q

Which two nerves carry taste information?

A

Facial nerve for anterior 2/3 and glossopharyngeal for posterior 1/3

40
Q

Which cranial nerve is longest?

A

Vagus

41
Q

Which two cranial nerves carry information about blood pressure to brain?

A

9 and 10, glossopharyngeal and vagus

42
Q

Which vagus nerve is responsible for pupillary constriction?

A

3- oculomotor

Dentistry Year 2 OCB (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions