Cranial Nerves Flashcards by Renee Beatrice Cabazor | Brainscape

Q

Olfactory (function)

A

Sensory

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Q

Optic (function)

A

Sensory

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Q

Oculomotor (function)

A

Motor

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Q

Trochlear (function)

A

Motor

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Q

Trigeminal (function)

A

Both

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Q

Abducens (function)

A

Motor

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Q

Facial (function)

A

Both

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Q

Auditory/Vestibulocochlear (function)

A

Sensory

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Q

Glossopharyngeal (function)

A

Both

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Q

Vagus (function)

A

Both

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Q

Accessory/Spinal (function)

A

Motor

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Q

Hypoglossal (function)

A

Motor

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Q

Terminal (function)

A

Sensory

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Q

Vomeronasal (function)

A

Sensory

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Q

Epiphyseal (function)

A

Sensory

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Q

Anterior Lateral Line (function)

A

Sensory

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Q

Posterior Lateral Line (function)

A

Sensory

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Q

I

A

Olfactory

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Q

II

A

Optic

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Q

III

A

Oculomotor

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Q

IV

A

Trochlear

Q

V

A

Trigeminal

Q

VI

A

Abducens

Q

VII

A

Facial

Q

VIII

A

Auditory/Vestibulocochlear

Q

IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

Q

X

A

Vagus

Q

XI

A

Accessory/Spinal

Q

XII

A

Hypoglossal

Q

0

A

Terminal

Q

VN

A

Vomeronasal

Q

E

A

Epiphyseal

Q

P

A

Profundus

Q

ALL

A

Anterior Lateral Line

Q

PLL

A

Posterior Lateral Line

Q

smell info from nose
cell bodies: olfactory epithelium → olfactory bulb
in mammals: travels through cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone via foramina

A

Olfactory

Q

visual info from eyes

A

Optic

Q

movement of eyeball & pupil reflex

A

Oculomotor

Q

movement of eyeball
arises dorsally from the brain
smallest cranial nerve along w/ VI-Abducens

A

Trochlear

Q

3 branches:
1) Ophthalmic - in agnathans, osteichthyans, tetrapods; primitively a separate Profundus nerve
2) Maxillary - “infraorbital” in fishes
3) Mandibular - has the only motor fibers in this nerve; control jaw muscles & tensor tympani
all branches contain sensory fibers: info from skin of the head & other structures in the mouth & nose

A

Trigeminal

Q

movement of eyeball
arises at anterior end of hindbrain
smalles cranial nerve along w/ IV - Trochlear

A

Abducens

Q

arises from anterior end of hindbrain
Sensory Function:
1) in fish: taste buds in ectoderm, general sensation from endoderm of 2nd arch
2) in tetrapods: taste buds on anterior of tongue
Motor Function:
1) innervates muscles of hyoid arch (facial & stapedius)
2) innervates some endocrine glands via autonomic ganglia

A

Facial

Q

auditory & equilibriatory info from membranous labyrinth
arises from medulla oblongata
2 branches:
1) cochlear → cochlea
2) vestibular nerve → semicircular canals

A

Auditory/Vestibulocochlear

Q

arises from medulla oblongata
Motor Function:
1) muscles derived from 3rd arch
2) parotid salivary gland via otic ganglion
Sensory Function:
1) in fishes: lateral line canals
2) in tetrapods: proprioreceptors in the innervated muscles
3) in mammals: taste buds & general receptors on posterior surface of the tongue

A

Glossopharyngeal

Q

arises from medulla oblongata
Sensory Function:
1) posterior walls of some gills & demibranchs
2) sensation & taste on a portion of the palate
3) sensation of coelomic viscera
Motor Function:
1) pharyngeal arches (chief respiratory nerves in fish)
2) movement of smooth muscles in the coelomic viscera

A

Vagus

Q

1) internal ramus
- joins Vagus to autonomic ganglia in the coelom
2) external ramus
- emerge from the spinal cord & eventually innervate the neck muscles

A

Accessory/Spinal

Q

arises from hypoglossal nucleus
innervates tongue muscles & geniohyoid
a spinal nerve “locked up” in the braincase due to the location of the foramen magnum

A

Hypoglossal

Q

play a role in reproductive behaviors
lies close to olfactory bulb & tract
in humans, rarely seen in dissections

A

Terminal

Q

smell info from vomeronasal organ
terminate in an accessory olfactory bulb
only in some reptiles

A

Vomeronasal

Q

light info from pineal & parapineal (when these are photoreceptors such as in lampreys & lizards)

A

Epiphyseal

Q

maybe fused with Trigeminal

A

Profundus

Q

mechanoreceptive info from lateral lines

- actually 3 nerves

A

Anterior & Posterior Lateral Line