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Some Applied Anatomy Stuff > Cranial nerves > Flashcards

Cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

List the CN

A
  1. Olfactory
  2. Optic
  3. Oculomotor
  4. Trochlear
  5. Trigeminal
  6. Abducens
  7. Facial
  8. Vestibulocochlear
  9. Glossopharyngeal
  10. Vagus
  11. Accessory
  12. Hypoglossal
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2
Q

Sensory or motor for the CN

A
  1. S
  2. S
  3. M
  4. M
  5. B
  6. M
  7. B
  8. S
  9. B
  10. B
  11. M
  12. M
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3
Q

Site of origin for the CN

A
  1. Supratentorial
  2. Supratentorial
  3. Infratentorial
  4. Infratentorial
  5. Infratentorial
  6. Infratentorial
  7. Infratentorial
  8. Infratentorial
  9. Infratentorial
  10. Infratentorial
  11. Infratentorial
  12. Infratentorial
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4
Q

Function of CN 1

A
  • Sense of smell
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5
Q

Signs of dysfunction of CN 1

A
  • Can’t small
  • inappetence
  • Tracking/ drug sniffing dog can’t do job
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6
Q

Function of CN2

A
  • Vision
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7
Q

Clinical signs of damage of CN2

A
  • Blindness
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8
Q

Tests of CN2

A
  • PLR
  • Menace response
  • Visual placing
  • Ability to negotiate an obstacle course
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9
Q

Function of CN3

A
  • Pupillary constriction (parasympathetic)
  • Move eye (dorsal rectus, ventral rectus, medial rectus, ventral oblique, and levator palpebra)
  • Elevate eyelid**
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10
Q

Clinical signs of damage of CN3

A
  • Dilated, non-responsive pupil
  • Ventrolateral strabismus
  • Ptosis (droopy eyelid)
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11
Q

Tests of function for CN3

A
  • Physiologic nystagmus
  • PLR
  • Look for strabismus
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12
Q

CN 4 function

A
  • Rotate dorsal part of globe medially through motor to dorsal oblique muscle
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13
Q

Clinical signs of damage to CN4

A
  • lateral rotational strabismus
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14
Q

Tests for CN 4

A
  • Look for lateral rotational strabismus

- In dog need to do a retinal exam because pupil is round and can’t tell if rotated

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15
Q

CN 5 function

A
  • Motor to muscles of mastication (mandibular branch)

- Sensation for most of head (mandibular, maxillary, and ophthalmic branches)

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16
Q

Clinical signs of damage of CN 5

A
  • Atrophied temporal or masseter muscle
  • Inability to close mouth
  • Loss of sensation over face
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17
Q

Tests of CNV

A
  • Sensory part of palpebral reflex (normal is blink when medial canthus touched for ophthalmic branch and blink when lateral canthus touched for maxillary branch)
  • Gently stimulate nasal septum
  • Corneal reflex
  • Palpate temporal and masseter muscles, assess jaw tone
18
Q

CN 6 function

A
  • move eye laterally and retract eyeball

- Motor to lateral rectus muscle and retractor bulbi muscle

19
Q

Clinical signs of damage with CN 6

A
  • Medial strabismus

- Can’t retract globe

20
Q

Tests of function for CN 6

A
  • Corneal reflex

- Physiologic nystagmus

21
Q

Sensory or motor of CN 7

A
  • Motor to muscles of facial expression, some salivary and lacrimal glands
  • Sensory to middle ear, palate, tongue (rostral 2/3)
22
Q

Function of CN 7

A
  • Move muscles of face including lips, ears, eyelids, nostrils
23
Q

Clinical signs of damage of CN 7

A
  • Inability to blink
  • Asymmetrical or drooping face
  • Absence of ear movement and eye closure
24
Q

Tests for CN7

A
  • Palpebral reflex
  • Menace
  • Touch cornea
  • Observe face for symmetry
25
Q

CN8 function

A
  • Balance/vestibular

- Hearing

26
Q

CN8 clinical signs of damage

A
  • Head tilt TOWARDS the side of lesion
  • Nystagmus at rest with fast phase away lesion
  • Loss of balance, ataxia, fall/roll to side of lesion
  • Pathological nystagmus (in absence of head movement or induced by holding head in lateral flexion or full extension, i.e. positional; can be horizontal or rotary)
  • Strabismus and eye droop on side of lesion (VIII coordinates how eyes move)
  • Deafness
27
Q

Tests of function of CN 8

A
  • Observe for head tilt, ataxia, balance issues
  • Observe for nystagmus when head still or held in lateral flexion or full extension
  • Deaf if bilateral disease
28
Q

Sensory/motor of CN 9

A
  • motor to muscles of pharynx and palate
  • Motor to zygomatic and parotid salivary glands
  • Sensory to rostral pharynx; taste to caudal 1/3 of tongue
29
Q

Function of CN9

A
  • Part of swallowing and taste
30
Q

Clinical signs of damage CN9

A
  • Difficulty swallowing
31
Q

Tests of function of CN9

A
  • Observe eating
  • Gag reflex
  • Inquire about history of swallowing issues, respiratory noise
32
Q

Sensory or motor functions of CN10

A
  • Motor to pharynx, larynx, esophagus
  • Motor to esophagus, thoracic and abdominal organs
  • Sensory to pharynx, larynx, thoracic, and abdominal organs
33
Q

Function of CN10

A
  • Swallowing (pharynx, esophagus), laryngeal function, parasympathetic to viscera
34
Q

Clinical signs of damage of CN10

A
  • Dysphagia
  • Regurgitation
  • Voice change
  • Laryngeal paralysis
  • Upper respiratory noise
35
Q

Tests of function of CN 10

A
  • Gag reflex
  • Laryngeal reflex
  • Oculocardiac reflex (normal = pressure on eyes slow heart)
36
Q

Function of CN 11

A
  • Helps swing limb foreward (not essential)
  • External branch is motor to trapezius; sternocephalic, and brachiocephalic muscles
  • Internal branch joins with vagus and is motor to pharynx, larynx,e sophagus, thoracic and abdominal organs
37
Q

Clinical signs of damage of CN 11

A
  • Atrophy to trapezius, sternocephalicus, and brachiocephalic muscles
38
Q

Tests of function of CN 11

A
  • Assess trapezius, sternocephalicus, and brachiocephalic muscle for atrophy
39
Q

CN 12 function

A
  • Motor to tongue
40
Q

Signs of damage of CN 12

A
  • Trouble prehending and swallowing food
41
Q

Tests of function of CN 12

A
  • Assess for symmetry of tongue and ability to retract tongue
  • Put food on each side of nose and see if they can lick it off

Some Applied Anatomy Stuff (3 decks)

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