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Gross Anatomy II - Unit 2 > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

what is the name of CN I?

A

olfactory

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2
Q

what is the function of the olfactory nerve?

A

smell (special visceral afferent)

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3
Q

where does the olfactory nerve exit the skull?

A

tiny foramina in cribiform plate

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4
Q

what is the name of CN II?

A

optic

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5
Q

what is the function of the optic nerve?

A

vision (special somatic afferent)

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6
Q

where does the optic nerve exit the skull?

A

optic canal

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7
Q

what is the name of CN III?

A

oculomotor

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8
Q

what is the function of the oculomotor nerve?

A

innervates the extraocular muscles of the eye and muscles that elevate eye lid
(general somatic efferent)

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9
Q

what are the muscles that are innervated by the oculomotor nerve? (5)

A

(1) superior rectus
(2) inferior rectus
(3) medial rectus
(4) inferior oblique
(5) levator palpebrae superior

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10
Q

where does the oculomotor nerve exit the skull?

A

superior orbital fissure

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11
Q

what is the name of CN IV?

A

trochlear

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12
Q

what is the one muscle of the eye that is innervated by the trochlear nerve?

A

superior oblique muscle

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13
Q

what is the function of trochlear nerve? (2)

A

(1) innervates superior oblique muscle of eye
(2) abduction, depression and IR of eye
(general somatic efferent)

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14
Q

if the trochlear nerve is damaged, what can happen as a result? (2)

A

(1) double vision

(2) head tilt to compensate for externally rotated eye

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15
Q

where does the trochelar nerve exit the skull?

A

superior orbital fissure

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16
Q

what is the name of CN V?

A

trigeminal

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17
Q

what is the function of the trigeminal nerve?

A 
gives rise to 3 main branches
V1: ophthalmic
V2: maxillary
V3: mandibular
(general somatic afferent)
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18
Q

where does the trigeminal nerve exit the skull? (3)

A

(1) ophthalmic: superior orbital fissure
(2) maxillary: foramen rotundum
(3) mandibular: foramen ovale

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19
Q

what is the name of CN VI?

A

abducens

20
Q

what muscle does the abducens innervate?

A

lateral rectus muscle

21
Q

if the abducens nerve is damaged, what can happen as a result? (2)

A

(1) postviral in younger patients

(2) mononeuropathy in older

22
Q

where does the abducens nerve leave the skull?

A

superior orbital fissure

23
Q

how can you remember what nerves innervate the muscles of the eye?

A

LR6-SO4-R3

lateral rectus: CN 6
superior oblique: CN 4
rest: CN 3

24
Q

what is the name of CN VII?

A

facial

25
Q

what is the function of the facial nerve? (3)

A

(1) facial expression
(2) taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue
(3) mandibular and sublingual salivary glands; lacrimal gland (and others of nose and palate)

26
Q

what can dysfunction of the facial nerve cause?

A

facial paralysis

27
Q

where does the facial nerve exit the skull? (3)

A

(1) internal acoustic meatus
(2) facial canal
(3) stylomastoid foramen

28
Q

what is the name of CN VIII?

A

vestibulocochlear

29
Q

what is the function of the vestibulocochlear nerve? (2)

A

(1) hearing

(2) position and movement sense

30
Q

what can dysfunction of the vestibulocochlear nerve cause? (2)

A

(1) deafness

(2) vertigo

31
Q

where does the vestibulocochlear nerve exit the skull?

A

internal acoustic meatus

32
Q

what is the name of CN IX?

A

glossopharyngeal

33
Q

what are the functions of the glossopharyngeal nerve? (4)

A

(1) swallowing
(2) parotid gland innervation
(3) taste posterior 1/3 of tongue
(4) cutaneous sensation of external ear

34
Q

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve exit the skull?

A

jugular foramen

35
Q

what is the name of CN X?

A

vagus

36
Q

what is the function of the vagus nerve? (5)

A

(1) muscles of pharynx (except stylopharyngeus), intrinsic muscles of larynx, most muscles of palate
(2) smooth muscle of trachea, bronchi, digestive tract
(3) nodes for conductive systrem of heart
(4) sensory for tongue to stomach and intestines
(5) taste

37
Q

where does the vagus nerve exit the skull?

A

jugular foramen

38
Q

what is the name of CN XI?

A

accessory

39
Q

what is the function of the spinal accessory nerve? (1)

A

(1) innervates SCOM and traps

40
Q

where does the spinal accessory nerve exit the skull?

A

jugular foramen

41
Q

what is the name of CN XII?

A

hypoglossal

42
Q

what is the function of the hypoglossal nerve?

A

(1) intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue

43
Q

what nerve is commonly affected after a stoke?

A

hypoglossal

44
Q

where does the hypoglossal nerve exit the skull?

A

hypoglossal canal

45
Q

for the first 6 cranial nerves, do they provide sensory, motor or both?

A 
CN I: sensory
CN II: sensory
CN III: motor
CN IV: motor
CN V: both
CN VI: motor
46
Q

for the last 6 cranial nerves, do they provide sensory, motor or both?

A 
CN VII: both
CN VIII: sensory
CN IX: both
CN X: both
CN XI: motor
CN XII: motor

Gross Anatomy II - Unit 2 (2 decks)

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