Cranial Nerves Flashcards
I Olfactory Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Cribriform foramina of ethmoid bone
Function
VA neurons: sense of smell (olfaction)
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Bipolar neurons
II Optic Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Optic canal of sphenoid bone
Function
SA neurons: vision
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Bipolar neurons
III Oculomotor Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Superior orbital fissure
Function
SE neurons: motor to superior, medial and inferior rectus mm., inferior oblique m,. levator palpebrae superioris m. of the eye
VE neurons: motor to ciliary m. of eye and pupillary sphincter m. of the iris
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Multipolar neurons
Multipolar neurons
IV Trochlear Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Superior orbital fissure
Functions
SE neurons: motor to superior oblique m. of the eye
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Multipolar neurons
V Trigeminal Nerve
Ophthalmic Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Superior orbital fissure
Function
SA neurons: sensory from and around the eye (general sensations)
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Pseudounipolar neurons
V Trigeminal Nerve
Maxillary Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Foramen rotundum of sphenoid
Function
SA neurons: sensory from upper lip and surrounding skin, upper teeth and gums, and palate
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Pseudounipolar neurons
V Trigeminal Nerve
Mandibular Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Foramen ovale of sphenoid bone
Function
SA neurons: sensory from lower lip and surrounding skin, lower teeth and gums, tongue, and floor of oral cavity
SE neurons: motor to mm. of mastication
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Pseudounipolar neurons
Multipolar neurons
VI Abducens Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Superior orbital fissure
Function
SE neurons: motor to lateral rectus m. of the eye
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Multipolar neurons
VII Facial Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Passes through both the internal acoustic meatus and stylo-mastoid foramen of temporal bone
Function
VA neurons: taste sensation (gustation) from anterior 2/3 of tongue
VE neurons: motor to lacrimal, sublingual, and submandibular glands (lacrimation and salivation)
SE neurons: motor to mm. of facial expression and the stapedius m.
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Pseudounipolar neurons
Multipolar neurons
Multipolar neurons
VIII Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Internal acoustic meatus of temporal bone (does not emerge from skull)
Function
SA neurons: sensory from cochlear part of internal ear (audition) and vestibular part of internal ear (balance and body position)
*Neuron type and location of cell bodies *
Bipolar neurons
IX Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Jugular foramen
Function
VA neurons: taste sensation (gustation) from posterior 1/3 of tongue, general sensation from back of tongue and pharyngeal region
VE neurons: motor to parotid gland (salivation)
SA neurons: sensory from a small cutaneous area behind the ear
SE neurons: motor to some skeletal mm. of the pharynx
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Pseudounipolar neurons
Multipolar neurons
Pseudounipolar neurons
Multipolar neurons
X Vagus Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Jugular foramen
Function
VA neurons: sensory from respiratory and digestive systems, and a few taste fibers from the tongue
VE neurons: motor to heart and to smooth muscle and glands of the respiratory and digestive systems
SA neurons: sensory from skin in back of ear and posterior wall of external acoustic meatus
SE neurons: motor to muscles of the larynx and pharynx
Neuron Type and location of cell bodies
Pseudounipolar
Multipolar
Pseudounipolar
Multipolar
XI Accessory Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Jugular foramen
Function
SE neurons: motor to trapezius and part of sternocleidomastoid muscles
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Multipolar neurons
XII Hypoglossal Nerve
Transmitting Foramen
Hypoglossal canal of occipital bone
Function
SE neurons: motor to muscles of the tongue and infrahyoid muscles
Neuron type and location of cell bodies
Multipolar neurons
