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Gross Anatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cranial nerves?

A 
I - Olfactory
II - Optic
III - Oculomotor
IV - Trochlear
V - Trigeminal
VI - Abducens
VII - Facial
VIII - Vestibulocochlear
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - Vagus
XI - Accessory
XII - Hypoglossal
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2
Q

Afferent refers to ______.

A

sensory information (input)

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3
Q

Efferent refers to ________.

A

motor information (output)

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4
Q

What the 4 general senses?

A

touch, temperature, pain, proprioception from body wall and limbs

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5
Q

What are the 3 visceral senses?

A

stretch, anoxia, pain from viscera

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6
Q

What are the 5 special senses?

A

vision, hearing, balance, smell, taste

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7
Q

Somatic motor information goes to what type of muscle?

A

striated muscle

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8
Q

Visceral motor information goes to what structures?

A

smooth muscle
glands
enteric nervous system of the GI tract

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9
Q

Pharyngeal arch 1 is innervated by what cranial nerve?

A

V3

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10
Q

Pharyngeal arch 2 is innervated by what cranial nerve?

A

VII

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11
Q

Pharyngeal arch 3 is innervated by what cranial nerve?

A

IX

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12
Q

Pharyngeal arch 4 is innervated by what cranial nerve?

A

X

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13
Q

The telencephalon is innervated by what cranial nerve?

A

I - Olfactory

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14
Q

The diencephalon is innervated by what cranial nerve?

A

II - Optic

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15
Q

The mesencephalon is innervated by what cranial nerve?

A

III - Oculomotor

IV - Trochlear

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16
Q

The metencephalon is innervated by what cranial nerve?

A

V - Trigeminal

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17
Q

The myetencephalon is innervated by what cranial nerve?

A

Pons - VI,VII,VIII (Abducens, Facial, Vestibuloccochlear)
Medulla - IX, X, XI, XII
(Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accesory, Hypoglossal)

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18
Q

What are the cranial nerve attachments of the midbrain?

A

III, IV

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19
Q

What are the cranial nerve attachments of the pons?

A

V

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20
Q

What are the cranial nerve attachments of the pons-medulla junction?

A

VI, VII, VIII

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21
Q

What are the cranial nerve attachments of the medulla?

A

IX, X, XII

22
Q

What are the cranial nerve attachments of the spinal cord?

A

XI

23
Q

Cranial nerves leave the skull in order from ____ to _____.

A

anterior, posterior

24
Q

True or False? The olfactory nerve consists of numerous bundles of unmyelinated axons from bipolar neurons in the nasal mucosa.

A

True

25
Q

Axons from the mitral cells pass to the telencephalon as the _______.

A

olfactory tract

26
Q

The olfactory nerve is classified as _____.

A

SVA

Special, Visceral, Afferent

27
Q

The _____ nerves are formed by the axons of ganglion cells in the retina.

A

optic

28
Q

Some of the fibers of the optic nerve cross at the ________ and join the contralateral optic tract, so the right visual field projects to the left and the lateral geniculate body, and vice versa.

A

optic chiasm

29
Q

The optic chiasm and tracts are located in the _________.

A

diencephalon

30
Q

The optic nerve is made up of _______ fibers.

A

SSA

Special, Somatic, Afferent

31
Q

_____, _______, and ______ are motor nerves to striated muscles of the orbit that are derived from head somites. They supply the extraocular muscles that move the eye.

A

CN III, IV, and VI

32
Q

_____ and ______ arise from the midbrain (mesencephalon).

A

CN III, IV

33
Q

_______ innervates most of the extraocular muscles (GSE). It also provides parasympathetic preganglionic fibers (GVE) to the ciliary ganglion whose postganglionic fibers help control pupillary diameter.

A

CN III

34
Q

______ supplies one muscle, the superior oblique. It is the only cranial nerve to originate from the dorsal or superior surface of the midbrain.

A

CN IV

35
Q

________ also supplies one muscle, the lateral rectus. It is actually a nerve of the myelencephalon and arises from the brain at the pons - medulla junction. It travels into the orbit with cranial nerves III, IV, and V1.

A

CN VI

36
Q

What are the three exits of the trigeminal nerve branches?

A

Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale

37
Q

Cell bodies for taste fibers are in the ________.

A

geniculate ganglion in the petrous temporal bone

38
Q

__________ (General visceral efferent GVE) in the
greater petrosal nerve control secretion
of mucus while GVE fibers in the
chorda tympani control secretion of saliva.

A

Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers

39
Q

What modality is associated with a large area (body wall and limbs or viscera)?

A

General

40
Q

What modality associated with one organ or area?

A

Special

41
Q

What modality is striated muscle derived from somites?

A

Somatic

42
Q

What modality is associated with GI tract either striated muscle derived from branchial arches (mouth, pharynx, larynx) or parasympathetic to smooth muscles and glands?

A

Visceral

43
Q

What are the categories for the modalities?

A

General or Special, Somatic or Visceral, Afferent or Efferent

44
Q

Branchial arch 1 is associated with what nerve?

A

V3

45
Q

Branchial arch 2 is associated with what nerve?

A

VII

46
Q

Branchial arch 3 is associated with what nerve?

A

IX

47
Q

Branchial arch 4 is associated with what nerve?

A

X

48
Q

Rostral is _____, caudal is ________.

A

head, tail

49
Q

Information from the right visual field goes to the _____ lateral geniculate.

A

left

50
Q

What cranial nerve arise from the dorsal side of the brain?

A

trochlear

Gross Anatomy (4 decks)

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